Volumetric and Ultrasonic Studies of Molecular Interactions of PEG 400 and PEG 4000 in Aqueous Niacin Solutions at Different Temperatures

Abstract

At multiple temperatures, 288.15–318.15 K, the density and speed of sound values for PEGs of molecular weights 400 and 4000 in aqueous niacin solutions were measured at concentrations of 0.07, 0.08, and 0.09 mol·kg–1. Utilizing these experimental data, the apparent molar properties and partial molar properties were determined to analyze the interactions in aqueous niacin solutions with poly­(ethylene glycol)­s (400/4000). The volumetric parameters, such as apparent molar volume, V ϕ, partial molar volume, V ϕ 0, and partial molar volume of transfer, ΔV ϕ 0, are obtained using experimental density values, while the acoustic parameters, i.e., apparent molar isentropic compression, K ϕ,S, partial molar isentropic compression, K ϕ,S 0, and partial molar isentropic compression of transfer, ΔK ϕ,S 0, are determined with the speed of sound data. These positive volumetric apparent and partial molar properties suggest the presence of strong solute–solvent interactions. The partial molar expansibilities (E ϕ 0) along with their first derivative (∂E ϕ 0/∂T)P were calculated. Further, pair and triplet coefficients are obtained using partial molar isentropic compression and partial molar volume of the transfer, respectively.

Thermo-acoustical analysis of sorbic acid:(food preservative) in an aqueous solution containing propylene glycol:(PG) and hexylene glycol:(HG) by using an ultrasonic technique

“…Regular use of an acknowledged density reference standard is necessary to provide accurate results. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39].…”

Measurement of the Density and Ultrasonic Speed of the Sound of Poly(ethylene glycols) (600 and 6000) in Aqueous Vitamin B5 Solutions at Different Temperatures

“…The standard uncertainties in the temperature, density, and speed of sound are ±0.03 K, ±0.06 kg m –3 and ±0.6 m s –1 , respectively, while the corresponding sensitivities of the density and speed of sound are ±0.00001 g, ±0.001 kg m –3 , and ±0.01 m s –1 , respectively. For these compounds, the standard relative uncertainty in molality as per the stated purities is u r ( m ) = 0.01 . Sartorius CPA 225D weighing scale with a sensitivity of 0.00001 g was used to prepare the samples.…”

“…For these compounds, the standard relative uncertainty in molality as per the stated purities is u r (m) = 0.01. 44 Sartorius CPA 225D weighing scale with a sensitivity of 0.00001 g was used to prepare the samples. This highly accurate weighing balance was used to determine the amount of solvent (d-Panthenol) corresponding to each concentration, and the amounts of solute (poly(ethylene glycols)) for each molality [0.41050, 1.43676, and 2.46301 g] of d-Panthenol were weighed from the aqueous mixture in 100 mL of water for concentrations of 0.02, 0.07, and 0.12 mol kg −1 d-Panthenol, respectively.…”

Volumetric, Viscometric, and Refractive Index Studies of Drug Nicotinic Acid in Aqueous d-Xylose/l-Arabinose Solutions from 293.15 to 313.15 K: Insights into Solute–Solute and Solute–Solvent Interactions

“…Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin, vitamin B3, and antileprosy factor, is one of the indispensable nutrients for the human body that acts as an antioxidant and plays an important role in promoting normal growth and development. − It is also an important hydrogen transporter and antileprosy factor in body tissues and can maintain skin and nerve health and promote digestion . Moreover, as a clinical drug, nicotinic acid can reduce the concentration of blood cholesterol, triglycerides, and β-lipoprotein. − Importantly, it is a well-established drug that is used as a vasodilator in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.…”

“…Moreover, as a clinical drug, nicotinic acid can reduce the concentration of blood cholesterol, triglycerides, and β-lipoprotein. − Importantly, it is a well-established drug that is used as a vasodilator in the treatment of ischemic heart disease. Owing to the multiple effects of nicotinic acid, many researchers are interested in it and have devoted extensive research effort to it and achieved valuable results. ,,− For example, Pan et al and Yang et al . measured the density, viscosity, and electrical conductance of nicotinic acid in aqueous polyethanol solution and aqueous dextran solution and obtained the partial molar volume of nicotinic acid and the B coefficient of viscous flow.…”