Volume Transmission-Mediated Protective Impact of Choroid Plexus-Cerebrospinal Fluid Growth Factors on Forebrain Ischemic Injury

Johanson, Conrad E.; McMillan, Paul N.; Palm, Donald E.; Stopa, Edward G.; Doberstein, Curtis E.; Duncan, John A.

doi:10.1016/b978-012639011-7/50022-x

Cited by 9 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…It has also been suggested that enhanced influx of growth factors across the BSCFB might serve to limit injury (Johanson et al, 2000). It should also be noted that the CP produces growth factors itself that may limit ischemic injury in the brain (Johanson et al, 2003), although that will depend on the extent to which production is not prevented by CP damage. Determining the importance of damage to the CP/BCSFB system really requires a method of preventing CP damage and then examining the effect of such a method on hippocampus injury.…”

Section: Impact Of Blood-cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier Dysfunction On Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Cerebral Ischemia on the Rat Choroid Plexus

Ennis

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2005

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Although the blood-brain barrier effects of cerebral ischemia have been extensively examined, less attention has focused on ischemia-induced damage to the choroid plexuses that form the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier (BSCFB). This study examined the rat lateral ventricle choroid plexuses (LVCP) in three ischemic models, bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (2VO) + hypotension with or without reperfusion and permanent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion with or without a tandem common carotid artery occlusion. Blood flow was assessed using [14 C]-N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine, and LVCP injury by tissue edema, alterations in [ 14 C]glutamine transport and BSCFB disruption (measured with [ 3 H]inulin). 2VO + hypotension caused an 87% reduction in LVCP blood flow (P < 0.01) and a progressive reduction in LVCP glutamine transport. In contrast to cortex, there was no LVCP hyperemia or delayed hypoperfusion on reperfusion, but there was marked BSCFB disruption. After 30 mins of 2VO + hypotension with 6 h of reperfusion, the [ 3 H]inulin entry into CSF was increased threefold (P < 0.05). Blood-CSF barrier rather than blood-brain barrier disruption appeared to be the main cause of enhanced [ 3 H]inulin entry into hippocampus. Middle cerebral artery occlusion with and without a tandem common carotid artery occlusion only caused 53% and 38% reductions in LVCP blood flow but induced LVCP edema. Results suggest that the LVCP is selectively vulnerable to ischemic injury in terms of the absolute blood flows or, for the MCA occlusion models, the % reductions in flows required to induce injury. BCSFB disruption early after ischemia may enhance the movement of compounds from blood to areas close to the ventricular system and participate in delayed neuronal death.

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Section: Impact Of Blood-cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier Dysfunction On Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Cerebral Ischemia on the Rat Choroid Plexus

Ennis

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2005

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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“…Biomedical devices and strategies for stem cell augmentation (8), as well as CP transplants and transgene manipulation (6,36), may also be feasible by intraventricular instillation (6). Boosting trophic factors, antagonists, and chelators in CSF will benefit neural repair in trauma (37), ischemia (38), hyperthermia (39), and infectious disease.…”

Section: New Outlooks For Csf Translational Research and Therapymentioning

confidence: 98%

Choroid Plexus–Cerebrospinal Fluid Circulatory Dynamics: Impact on Brain Growth, Metabolism, and Repair

Johanson

2008

Neuroscience in Medicine

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“…Bidirectional inward and outward transport occurs at all interfaces depicted; however, this review emphasizes transport of substances into the brain. (21,24,30,38,68) Ependyma LV, 3V, 4V Leaky c Single Allows the CSF Bsink action^on the brain due to high permeability (11,56,57,59,61,62) CVOs 3V, 4V Tight Single Integrates hormonal and neural activity to effect fluid homeostasis (2,38,75,76,111) PiaYglia SAS d Leaky Multiple Protects brain by filtering and buffering actions on SAS CSF (3,148,149) Arachnoid SAS Tight Multiple Secretes neurotrophic peptides and reabsorbs CSF in the villi (1Y3, 34,40,127,129) a Virtually all epithelia in the CSF system can metabolize drugs. b LV, 3V, and 4V refer to the lateral, third, and fourth ventricles, respectively.…”

Section: Choroidal Blood Flow and Interstitial Fluid Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certain stem cells in the adult SVZ are transformed as the result of mitogenic and neurotrophic modulation. This prompts searching for specific molecules, possibly conveyed by CSF, to promote neuron development in the disabled adult CNS (68). One neuropeptide showing promise in stimulating SVZ neurogenesis is pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP).…”

Section: Subventricular Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced Prospects for Drug Delivery and Brain Targeting by the Choroid Plexus–CSF Route

et al. 2005

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The choroid plexus (CP), i.e., the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) interface, is an epithelial boundary exploitable for drug delivery to brain. Agents transported from blood to lateral ventricles are convected by CSF volume transmission (bulk flow) to many periventricular targets. These include the caudate, hippocampus, specialized circumventricular organs, hypothalamus, and the downstream pia-glia and arachnoid membranes. The CSF circulatory system normally provides micronutrients, neurotrophins, hormones, neuropeptides, and growth factors extensively to neuronal networks. Therefore, drugs directed to CSF can modulate a variety of endocrine, immunologic, and behavioral phenomema; and can help to restore brain interstitial and cellular homeostasis disrupted by disease and trauma. This review integrates information from animal models that demonstrates marked physiologic effects of substances introduced into the ventricular system. It also recapitulates how pharmacologic agents administered into the CSF system prevent disease or enhance the brain's ability to recover from chemical and physical insults. In regard to drug distribution in the CNS, the BCSFB interaction with the blood-brain barrier is discussed. With a view toward translational CSF pharmacotherapy, there are several promising innovations in progress: bone marrow cell infusions, CP encapsulation and transplants, neural stem cell augmentation, phage display of peptide ligands for CP epithelium, CSF gene transfer, regulation of leukocyte and cytokine trafficking at the BCSFB, and the purification of neurotoxic CSF in degenerative states. The progressively increasing pharmacological significance of the CP-CSF nexus is analyzed in light of treating AIDS, multiple sclerosis, stroke, hydrocephalus, and Alzheimer's disease.

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Volume Transmission-Mediated Protective Impact of Choroid Plexus-Cerebrospinal Fluid Growth Factors on Forebrain Ischemic Injury

Cited by 9 publications

References 106 publications

The Effects of Cerebral Ischemia on the Rat Choroid Plexus

The Effects of Cerebral Ischemia on the Rat Choroid Plexus

Choroid Plexus–Cerebrospinal Fluid Circulatory Dynamics: Impact on Brain Growth, Metabolism, and Repair

Enhanced Prospects for Drug Delivery and Brain Targeting by the Choroid Plexus–CSF Route

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