Volume Flow Rate of Common Carotid Artery Measured by Doppler Method and Color Velocity Imaging Quantification (CVI-Q)

Likittanasombut, Pornpatr; Reynolds, Patrick; Meads, Dana B.; Tegeler, Charles H.

doi:10.1177/1051228405001523

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This was comparable to the mean flow rate measured invasively as 390 ± 91 mL/min [mean ± standard deviation (SD)] for 40-69% stenosed ICAs (Ackroyd et al, 1986), 310 ± 99 mL/min (mean ± SD) for 50-75% stenosed ICAs (Likittanasombut et al, 2006), and 167-399 mL/min (with a peak of 526 mL/min) for ICA (Lindegaard et al, 1987).…”

Section: Blood Flow Velocity Pressure Drop and Fluid Shear Stress supporting

confidence: 77%

Finite element analysis of a rupture-induced deformation of a carotid atherosclerotic plaque with intraplaque hemorrhage

Monir

Senju

Ogata

et al. 2018

JBSE

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Intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), bleeding in a plaque, is caused by a neocapillary rupture in an atherosclerotic plaque. We used contrast-enhanced ultrasonography to diagnose carotid atherosclerotic plaques before carotid endarterectomy (CEA), a surgical operation to remove an arterial intimal layer including a plaque lesion. We found lumenward (inward) deformation in some cases of ruptured plaques with IPH. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical effects of infiltrated blood in the lipid core on the luminal shape of the ruptured plaque in the short-axis view. We created a finite element model of a carotid artery bifurcation with a ruptured plaque based on a sample obtained from CEA. As physiological loads, we assigned pressures on the surfaces of the lumen and the lipid core, the sum of a gradual pressure drop in the artery obtained from computational fluid dynamics analysis and a uniform pressure, and a constant longitudinal stretch. In the simulation, the fibrous cap in the ruptured model became almost flat in the short-axis view with lumenward deformation, being less deformed than that observed in ultrasonography. The simulation results show that inward deformation of the fibrous cap is correlated with an equal pressure in the lumen and the lipid core. In comparison, a hyperelastic model of soft unruptured plaque reproduced a round lumen. A better understanding of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography images from a mechanical perspective may facilitate the morphological identification of plaque rupture with IPH.

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Section: Blood Flow Velocity Pressure Drop and Fluid Shear Stress supporting

confidence: 77%

Finite element analysis of a rupture-induced deformation of a carotid atherosclerotic plaque with intraplaque hemorrhage

Monir

Senju

Ogata

et al. 2018

JBSE

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“…Maximal flow velocities in cm/s in peak systole and end‐diastole were determined manually by means of electronic calipers for five heart cycles and the average value was taken for further analysis. Also, peak systolic and end‐diastolic mean flow velocities were obtained as described previously (31), including accurate angle correction and coverage of the entire vessel lumen by the Doppler sample volume. Time‐resolved absolute mean velocity curves were automatically provided by an algorithm of the US machine and displayed as blood velocity curves after fast Fourier transformation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D blood flow characteristics in the carotid artery bifurcation assessed by flow‐sensitive 4D MRI at 3T

Harloff

Albrecht

Spreer

et al. 2008

Magnetic Resonance in Med

129

102

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To determine three-dimensional (3D) blood flow patterns in the carotid bifurcation, 10 healthy volunteers and nine patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis ≥50% were examined by flow-sensitive 4D MRI at 3T. Absolute and mean blood velocities, pulsatility index (PI), and resistance index (RI) were measured in the common carotid arteries (CCAs) by duplex sonography (DS) and compared with flow-sensitive 4D MRI. Furthermore, 3D MRI blood flow patterns in the carotid bifurcation of volunteers and patients before and after recanalization were graded by two independent readers. Blood flow velocities measured by MRI were 31-39% lower than in DS. However, PI and RI differed by only 13-16%. Rating of 3D flow characteristics in the ICA revealed consistent patterns for filling and helical flow in volunteers. In patients with ICA stenosis, 3D blood flow visualization was successfully employed to detect markedly al- The assessment of the severity and progression of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis is of clinical interest since high-grade stenoses constitute a major source of ischemic stroke. While the influence of cardiovascular risk factors on the common carotid artery (CCA) is expressed by a proportional increase of intima-media thickness and decrease of vessel distensibility (1,2), the development of atherosclerosis in the naturally bulbar ICA is related to anatomical and local hemodynamic conditions such as flow deceleration and reduced and oscillating wall shear stress (WSS), as shown in vitro, in animal models, and in two-dimensional (2D) MRI studies of healthy volunteers (3-9).However, current clinical diagnostic tools are limited since they provide either functional (2D duplex sonography [DS]) or morphological (digital subtraction, CT, or MR angiography [MRA]) data (10 -12). At present, a combined assessment and analysis of both anatomy and function in 3D is not available. While the evaluation of carotid plaque composition by MRI is well established (12), associated individual 3D blood flow patterns that influence plaque type, as recently shown by Cheng et al. (7), have not yet been studied in humans by MRI in vivo. Furthermore, little is known about the underlying flow characteristics, such as helical flow in the bulb of ICA and its relationship to the development of carotid artery stenosis.In this context, time-resolved phase-contrast (PC) MRI with three-directional velocity encoding (flow-sensitive 4D MRI) provides full hemodynamic information on 3D blood flow for both left and right carotid bifurcations. Previously reported results demonstrated the potential of this technique for the assessment of normal and altered blood flow in the heart and the aorta (13-19). In a number of studies, advanced 3D visualization of blood flow based on vector fields, 3D streamlines, and time-resolved 3D particle traces was successfully employed to detect and illustrate complex in vivo 3D blood flow patterns (20 -26).Moreover, application of this MRI technique to intracranial and peripheral vessels yielded objective...

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“…A compliant carotid bifurcation with internal carotid artery (ICA) 76% areastenosis model was surrounded by hydrogel and a skin-like layer to mimic neck's skin and soft tissues. Measurements were acquired (20KHz) at physiological flows (water) through the artery [2][3], at several distances downstream from the stenosis. Intra-arterial pressure measurements were performed at the same location for reference (Fig1A).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

4.4 Can Laser Doppler Vibrometer Detect Carotid Stenosis From Skin Vibrations? Hydraulic Bench Tests on Patient-Specific Model

Mancini¹,

Tommasin²,

Li³

et al. 2018

ARTRES

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Volume Flow Rate of Common Carotid Artery Measured by Doppler Method and Color Velocity Imaging Quantification (CVI-Q)

Abstract: In patients with 0-95% ICA stenosis, VFR by CVI-Q and DM showed no difference. For 95-100% ICA stenosis the methods differ; with higher VFR by DM. Side-to-side VFR ratios remain constant, irrespective of VFR method, and can still provide clinically useful information.

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Finite element analysis of a rupture-induced deformation of a carotid atherosclerotic plaque with intraplaque hemorrhage

Finite element analysis of a rupture-induced deformation of a carotid atherosclerotic plaque with intraplaque hemorrhage

3D blood flow characteristics in the carotid artery bifurcation assessed by flow‐sensitive 4D MRI at 3T

4.4 Can Laser Doppler Vibrometer Detect Carotid Stenosis From Skin Vibrations? Hydraulic Bench Tests on Patient-Specific Model

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