“…Some of these include carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) modi®ed with 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline for Cu(I) [3] and Fe(II) [4], zeolite for Ag(I) [5], dimethylgloxime for Ni(II) [6], tropolone for Sn(II) [7], thiobenzanilide for Au(III) [8], thioridazine for Pd(II) [9], propyl gallate for U(VI) [10], phenyl¯uorone for Sb(III) [11], and Nphenylcinnamohydroxamic acid for Cu(II) [12]. Some of these include carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) modi®ed with 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline for Cu(I) [3] and Fe(II) [4], zeolite for Ag(I) [5], dimethylgloxime for Ni(II) [6], tropolone for Sn(II) [7], thiobenzanilide for Au(III) [8], thioridazine for Pd(II) [9], propyl gallate for U(VI) [10], phenyl¯uorone for Sb(III) [11], and Nphenylcinnamohydroxamic acid for Cu(II) [12].…”