The nickel reactrode, a metal specific voltammetric electrode

Abstract

The nickel reactive electrode (reactrode) is a solid bulk-modified composite electrode for the selective voltammetric determination of nickel in aqueous solutions. This reactrode offers the possibility for nickel determination in the range from 0.7 ng/ml to 1 microg/ml. The 3sigma detection limit is 0.7 ng/ml.

A Prussian blue-based reactive electrode (reactrode) for the determination of thallium ions

“…The development of the Tl-reactrode indicates that the concept of reactive composite electrodes is very promising. Each reactrode developed so far has its very special working mechanism: ion exchange for alkali metal ions [2], complex formation and catalysis for nickel [3], complex formation and stripping voltammetry for passive monitors of heavy metal ions [11], acid-base equilibria coupled to electrochemistry for pH-measurements [4,5] and electrocatalysis for the determination of the electrochemical oxygen demand [12]. With sufficient chemical creativity, it can be assumed that dozens of other selective reactrodes will be made in future.…”

“…This can be used for the preconcentration of thallium ions on the surface of a composite electrode made of PB, graphite and paraffin. This is a reactive electrode, or reactrode, as we have already introduced for the voltammetric determination of alkali metal ions [2], nickel [3] and for pH-measurements [4,5].…”

“…about 60°C). In this way, a robust solid composite sensor can be obtained [3][4][5]. Very recently, we investigated the applicability of a number of metal hexacyanoferrates as ion-sensitive materials to different alkali metal ions and we could show that these compounds are very useful in ion-sensitive electrodes for voltammetry [2].…”