Voltage-sensitive dyes. Discerning contraction and electrical signals in myocardium

Hill, Bruce C.; Courtney, Kenneth R.

doi:10.1016/s0006-3495(82)84481-0

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Single-channel optical recording systems with a laser light source have been used in the early studies of the optical recording of electrical activities of cardiac cells [59][60][61][62].…”

Section: Laser Scanning Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They subsequently developed a laser scanning system for multiple-site recording and, using an oxonol dye WW781 [22], they made the first optical mapping of the conduction pattern of excitation in cardiac preparations (ventricle and atrium of bullfrog and cat ventricle) [63]. In the first half of 1980s, some preliminary reports were also published by other groups [59][60][61].…”

Section: Earlier Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical Mapping Approaches to Cardiac Electrophysiological Functions.

Sakai

Kamino²

2001

JJP

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Electrophysiology has been one of the most important strategies in cardiac physiology since the mid19th century [1]. The methodology in this field has been improved with the development of electronics, and quite sophisticated techniques using extracellular electrodes, intracellular microelectrodes, and patch electrodes are now widely used. Recently, optical methods for monitoring membrane potential with fast voltage-sensitive dyes were introduced as a new powerful tool for studying cardiac electrical functions. In this article, optical studies of the electrophysiological function of the vertebrate heart are reviewed. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF OPTICAL METHODS FOR MONITORING ELECTRICAL ACTIVITYIn 1968, changes in intrinsic light scattering, in birefringence, and in extrinsic 8-anilino-naphtalene-1-sulfonate (ANS) fluorescence associated with an action potential in the squid giant axon were first reported by Cohen et al. [2] and by Tasaki et al. [3]. At first these experiments were carried out to learn about conformation and/or structural changes that might occur during nerve excitation: it was hoped that the observed optical changes might be related to some molecular mechanism(s) of electrical excitation [4]. In additional experiments, however, Cohen, Salzberg, and co-workers indicated that fluorescent changes depended on changes in transmembrane potential [5], and they soon suggested that optical methods might be used for monitoring membrane potential in cells or cellular processes not accessible to microelectrodes [6,7]. Key words: voltage-sensitive dye, optical recording, electrical activity, heart. Abstract:Recently, optical methods for monitoring membrane potential with fast voltage-sensitive dyes have been introduced as a powerful tool for studying cardiac electrical functions. These methods offer two principal advantages over more conventional electrophysiological techniques. One is that optical recordings may be made from very small cells that are inaccessible to microelectrode impalement, and the other is that multiple sites/regions of a preparation can be monitored simultaneously to provide spatially resolved mapping of electrical activity. The former has made it possible to record spontaneous electrical activities in early embryonic precontractile hearts, and the latter has been applied for mapping of the propagation patterns of electrical activities in the cardiac tissue. In this article, optical studies of the electrophysiological function of the vertebrate heart are reviewed.

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“…Single-channel optical recording systems with a laser light source have been used in the early studies of the optical recording of electrical activities of cardiac cells [59][60][61][62].…”

Section: Laser Scanning Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Earlier Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Mapping Approaches to Cardiac Electrophysiological Functions.

Sakai

Kamino²

2001

JJP

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“…The maximal excitation and emission wavelengths of WW 781 in Ethanolol are 613.5nm and 638nm respectively [5]. The wave length of maximal fluorescence of WW 781 fixed to sheep or mouse myocardium at a concentration of 1 g/1 in an incubating bath is 650 nm under Helium Neon laser illumination (632.8 nm) and pulsed laser at 632 nm [6].…”

Section: Potential-sensitive Dyementioning

confidence: 99%

“…3) correspond to an increase in the density of the dye on the surface studied during myocardial contraction. The asynchronous and synchronous signals therefore arise from different mechanisms [6].…”

Section: Sensitivity Of Ww 781mentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of electrical activation of the heart by laser spectrometry

Fillette

Nassif

1987

Int J Cardiac Imag

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The action potentials of working myocardium and conduction tissues, traditionally recorded by intracellular glass microelectrodes, may also be studied at a distance without physical contact using an optical system. The tissues have to be stained with a dye which fluoresces when illuminated by a laser beam, and the spectrum of the fluorescence must be sensitive to variations of the transmembrane action potential. The responses obtained by the microelectrode and the optical systems were tested on several different preparations (sheep and mouse myocardium). Three types of signals were obtained: asynchronous, synchronous and mixed, related to myocardial contraction, the action potential and the excitation-contraction couple, respectively. The use of continuous and pulsed mode laser measurements by optoelectronic methods (photomultiplier, monochromator), and imaging of the electrical activation by a CCD video camera may lead to the development of high definition mapping of myocardial activation which would be used for studying arrhythmias in experimental and even clinical models.

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“…Generally, optical signals derived from beating hearts include intensity changes due to mechanical movement (Fujii et al 1980Hirota, Sakai, Fujii & Kamino, 1981;Hill & Courtney, 1982;Sawanobori et al 1983). In ideal conditions, the change in transmitted light intensity can be proportional to tension development (Kass, 1981).…”

Section: Optical Changes Accompanying Contractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical studies of excitation‐contraction coupling in the early embryonic chick heart.

Hirota¹,

Kamino²,

Komuro³

et al. 1985

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Excitation-contraction coupling at the onset of beating in the 9-10-somite embryonic chick heart was studied by means of an optical method together with a voltage-sensitive merocyanine-rhodanine dye. Spontaneous optical signals were recorded simultaneously from many areas of the embryonic heart, using a square photodiode matrix array.2. At time of initiation of the heartbeat, spontaneous optical signals consisting of two components were often detected. The first component (1st signal) is a dye-related absorption change due to the action potential, and the second component (2nd signal) is a light scattering change due to contraction.3. When Ca2+ in the bathing solution was partly replaced by Mg2+, the peak size of both signals was reduced. The correlation between the 1st and 2nd signals corresponded to the relationship between excitation and contraction.4. The formation of excitation-contraction coupling exhibited a regional nonuniformity in the developing 9-10-somite embryonic hearts: contraction was first generated in the right ventricular region, and then the contractile area spread widely over the whole of the heart. The curves of the excitation-related 1st signal vs. the contraction-related 2nd signal obtained from different areas were not superimposable.5. Decoupling of excitation from contraction was produced by raising the Ca2+ concentration in the bathing solution, by lowering the Na2+ concentration or by inclusion of a Ca21 ionophore (A23187). Replacement of the bathing solution with D20 or hypertonic solution also suppressed excitation-contraction coupling.6. The results suggest that in the early embryonic initial beating chick heart, the contractile system is activated by Ca2+ influx across the sarcolemma accompanying the action potential, and that a Na+-Ca2+ exchange mechanism participates in the relaxation phase of the heartbeat.

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Voltage-sensitive dyes. Discerning contraction and electrical signals in myocardium

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

Optical Mapping Approaches to Cardiac Electrophysiological Functions.

Optical Mapping Approaches to Cardiac Electrophysiological Functions.

A study of electrical activation of the heart by laser spectrometry

Optical studies of excitation‐contraction coupling in the early embryonic chick heart.

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