Volcanic history of El Chichón Volcano (Chiapas, Mexico) during the Holocene, and its impact on human activity

Espíndola, J. M.; Macías, José Luis; Tilling, Robert I.; Sheridan, M. F.

doi:10.1007/s004459900064

Cited by 102 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Tephrostratigraphy, 14 C-dating and palynology to estimate the timing and magnitude of past volcanic eruptions of El Chichón volcano have been used by Nooren et al (2009). El Chichón volcano has an altitude of 1100 m a.s.l., and a 1 km wide, 140 m deep crater in its summit formed during the most recent eruption, beginning on 28 March 1982 (Espíndola et al, 2000;Macías et al, 2007Macías et al, , 2008. This week-long eruption (VEI 5) produced planetary scale volcanic gas clouds (Kruger, 1983), extensive ash fall, and pyroclastic surges and flows that resulted in the worst volcanic disaster in the recorded history of Mexico devastating a radius of about 10 km around the volcano and covering southeastern Mexico with ash fall (Macías et al, 2008).…”

Section: El Chichón Volcanomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies on the stratigraphy of the volcano and new radiocarbon ages show that at least other 11 major eruptions prior to the 1982 eruption have occurred at El Chichón in the Holocene, and more precisely, in the past 8000 years, with most of the repose intervals lasting between 100 to 600 years Espíndola et al, 2000;Macías et al, 2007Macías et al, , 2008Layer et al, 2009). Table 1 summarizes the historical and Holocenic geological records.…”

Section: El Chichón Volcanomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although Table 1. Volcanic Explosivity Indexes and ages of known eruptions with magnitude VEI≥3 of El Chichón volcano from different sources Tilling et al, 1984;Espíndola et al, 2000;Macías et al, 1993Macías et al, , 2003Macías et al, , 2007Macías et al, , 2008. The dates are averages of the reported radiometric age in years before the last (1982) eruption.…”

Section: El Chichón Volcanomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hazard estimates for El Chichón volcano, Chiapas, México: a statistical approach for complex eruptive histories

Mendoza-Rosas¹,

Cruz‐Reyna²

2010

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The El Chichón volcano (Chiapas, México) most recent eruption occurred in 1982 causing the worst volcanic disaster in the recorded history of Mexico. Prior to the eruption, El Chichón volcano was not considered a very hazardous volcano, a perception mostly caused by the low eruption rate of the past eruptions. The correct assessment of volcanic hazard is the first step to prevent a disaster. In this paper, we analyze two periods of the reported eruptive history of El Chichón volcano during the Holocene, searching for the eruption rates of different VEI magnitude categories and testing their time dependence. One period accounting the eruptions of the last 3707 years before the last eruption (BLE) is assumed to be complete, with no missing relevant events. More scarce information of a period extending to 7772 years BLE is then added. We then apply the Non-Homogeneous Generalized Pareto-Poisson Process (NHGPPP), and the Mixture of Exponentials Distribution (MOED) methods to estimate the volcanic hazard of El Chichón considering both periods. The results are compared with the probabilities obtained from the homogeneous Poisson and Weibull distributions. In this case the MOED and the Weibull distribution are rather insensitive to the inclusion of the extended period. In contrast, the NHGPPP is strongly influenced by the extended period.

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Section: El Chichón Volcanomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: El Chichón Volcanomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: El Chichón Volcanomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hazard estimates for El Chichón volcano, Chiapas, México: a statistical approach for complex eruptive histories

Mendoza-Rosas¹,

Cruz‐Reyna²

2010

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…New signs of volcanic unrest appeared in 1981, with increasing earthquakes, internal explosions, and fumarolic activity reported by geologists and local villagers (Canul and Rocha, 1981). The volcano reawakened in 1982, after 550 yr of quiescence (Espíndola et al, 2000;Macías et al, 2003). The 1982 eruption began in March 28 with a 27 km high Plinian column that deposited fall layer A1 ( Fig.…”

Section: The 1982 Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2; Carey and Sigurdsson, 1986) that opened a 300-m wide crater in the central dome (Medina-Martínez, 1982). Afterwards, the volcano remained relatively calm with variable but impending seismicity (Jiménez et al, 1999;Espíndola et al, 2000). Late on April 3, the most energetic event began (Yokoyama et al, 1992) with a series of hydromagmatic explosions that dispersed highly turbulent PDCs (PS1; Figs.…”

Section: The 1982 Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition temperature of some PDC deposits from the 1982 eruption of El Chichón volcano (Chiapas, Mexico) inferred from rock-magnetic data

Sulpizio

Zanella

Macías

2008

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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Thermal remanent magnetization (TRM) analyses were carried out on lithic fragments from two different typologies of pyroclastic density current (PDC) deposits of the 1982 eruption of El Chichón volcano, in order to estimate their equilibrium temperature (T dep ) after deposition. The estimated T dep range is 360-400°C, which overlaps the direct measurements of temperature carried out four days after the eruption on the PDC deposits. This overlap demonstrates the reliability of the TRM method to estimate the T dep of pyroclastic deposits and to approximate their depositional temperature. These results also constraint the time needed for reaching thermal equilibrium within four days for the studied PDC deposits, in agreement with predictions of theoretical models. Sedimentological analysis demonstrates that different thickness of aggrading granular dominated pulses does not affect significantly the estimated T dep for the two studied PDCs. The component analysis highlights how the entrapment of a significant amount of pre-heated lithic fragments from the dome and the conduit walls reduced the cooling of the pyroclastic mixture.

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Reworked volcaniclastic deposits from the Usumacinta river, Mexico: A serendipitous source of volcanic glass in Maya ceramics

et al. 2017

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The origin and distribution of volcanic glass temper in Maya ceramics has attracted the attention of Mesoamerican archaeologists for the last 80 years. Several Quaternary volcanoes, particularly those in the Central American Volcanic Arc (CAVA), are proposed as the source of tephra in the Maya region, however, a continuous stratigraphic record of this tephra deposit is still lacking. A reworked volcaniclastic deposit (9 ± 2 ka) was located in the Usumacinta River fluvial sequence from Tabasco State, Mexico. This material has been found in ceramics from the Tierra Blanca archaeological site, which developed from the Formative to Late Classic Maya period. Cross‐bedding sedimentary structures and amygdaloidal texture in pumice indicate the influence of the fluvial environment and the weathering exposition of the volcanic deposit. The comparative geochemical and petrographic features provide the first evidence that this volcanic ash “outcrop” was used for local ceramic manufacture. The volcanic event that produced the tephra is difficult to identify due to the dynamic sedimentary environment that obliterated and mixed the original mineralogy and geochemistry. Eruptions with rhyolitic magma are the most probable candidates. This assumption contradicts the widespread hypothesis that the tephra of El Chichón volcano is the source of volcanic glass in Classic Maya ceramics.

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Volcanic history of El Chichón Volcano (Chiapas, Mexico) during the Holocene, and its impact on human activity

Cited by 102 publications

References 26 publications

Hazard estimates for El Chichón volcano, Chiapas, México: a statistical approach for complex eruptive histories

Hazard estimates for El Chichón volcano, Chiapas, México: a statistical approach for complex eruptive histories

Deposition temperature of some PDC deposits from the 1982 eruption of El Chichón volcano (Chiapas, Mexico) inferred from rock-magnetic data

Reworked volcaniclastic deposits from the Usumacinta river, Mexico: A serendipitous source of volcanic glass in Maya ceramics

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