Volcanic hazard assessment for Ruapehu composite volcano, taupo volcanic zone, New Zealand

Houghton, B. F.; Latter, J. H.; Hackett, William R.

doi:10.1007/bf01079825

Cited by 85 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In both LH4c and the 1975 lahar there was a sharp drop in peak discharge between 42 and 56.5 km from the source. The river becomes more 1927Stillwell et al 1954Stillwell et al 1954Stillwell et al 1954O'Shea 1954Hodgson 1993Paterson 1976Houghton et al 1987Houghton et al 1987Healy et al 1978Houghton et al 1987Healy et al 1978Houghton et al 1987Healy et al 1978Houghton et al 1987Healy et al 1978Houghton et al 1987Healy et al 1978Houghton et al 1987Healy et al 1978Houghton et al 1987Healy et al 1978Houghton et al 1987Healy et al 1978Paterson 1976Nairn et al 1979Houghton et al 1987Nairn et. al.…”

Section: Peak Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

1995 Ruapehu lahars in relation to the late Holocene lahars of Whangaehu River, New Zealand

Cronin

Hodgson

Neall

et al. 1997

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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Observations of active flows, their deposits, and the effects of lahars generated during the 1995 eruptions of Ruapehu are compared to those of the last 2000 years. The 1995 lahars were generated by similar mechanisms, and had similar volumes and flow rheologies, to those of the last 135 years. However, the large number of lahars in the 1995 sequence and the eventual emptying of the entire Crater Lake on Mt Ruapehu by lahars is distinctive in the context of the historic record. The 1953 and 1975 lahars, although of smaller total volume than the largest 1995 lahar, had higher peak discharges and consequently greater effects on life and property within 57 km from the source. This implies that failure of a lake dam is the most efficient mechanism for generating a fast lahar with high peak discharge, and that eruptions through Crater Lake are more efficient at generating a lahar with high peak discharge when the lake is full.The scant 1995 lahar deposits preserved indicate that the geological record of lahars is likely to be incomplete and biased to events of greatest magnitude. Given this limitation, lahars which formed deposits of the prehistoric (>135 years old) Onetapu Formation were of larger magnitude in all respects, and often more concentrated with sediment, than those of the last 140 years (including 1995). In order to generate such events, catastrophic total emptying of Crater Lake is required. Alternatively, some of the events may have been the result of small flank collapses on the eastern slopes of Ruapehu. These larger events are less frequent than small eruption-triggered lahars on Ruapehu, but they may be preceded by little or no warning. Future lahar hazard mitigation strategies in the Whangaehu River should begin with improving the detection and early warning of such flows. G96042

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Section: Peak Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

1995 Ruapehu lahars in relation to the late Holocene lahars of Whangaehu River, New Zealand

Cronin

Hodgson

Neall

et al. 1997

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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“…Radiometric dating of lava flows indicates that cone-building volcanism in the region began before ca. 275 ka (Stipp, 1968;Gamble et al, 2003), and both centres have exhibited effusive volcanic activity in historical times (Houghton et al, 1987). Local climate, as recorded at Whakapapa Village (1100 m a.s.l.…”

Section: Geology and Climate Of The Central North Island Volcanoesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Last Glacial Maximum in the central North Island, New Zealand: palaeoclimate inferences from glacier modelling

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Quantitative palaeoclimate reconstructions provide data for evaluating the mechanisms of past, natural climate variability. Geometries of former mountain glaciers, constrained by moraine mapping, afford the opportunity to reconstruct palaeoclimate, due to the close relationship between ice extent and local climate. In this study, we present results from a series of experiments using a 2-D coupled energy balance-ice flow model that investigate the palaeoclimate significance of Last Glacial Maximum moraines within nine catchments in the central North Island, New Zealand. We find that the former ice limits can be simulated when present-day temperatures are reduced by between 4 and 7 • C, if precipitation remains unchanged from present. The spread in the results between the nine catchments is likely to represent the combination of chronological and model uncertainties. The majority of catchments targeted require temperature decreases of 5.1 to 6.3 • C to simulate the former glaciers, which represents our best estimate of the temperature anomaly in the central North Island, New Zealand, during the Last Glacial Maximum. A decrease in precipitation of up to 25 % from present, as suggested by proxy evidence and climate models, increases the magnitude of the required temperature changes by up to 0.8 • C. Glacier model experiments using reconstructed topographies that exclude the volume of post-glacial (< 15 ka) volcanism generally increased the magnitude of cooling required to simulate the former ice limits by up to 0.5 • C. Our palaeotemperature estimates expand the spatial coverage of proxy-based quantitative palaeoclimate reconstructions in New Zealand. Our results are also consistent with independent, proximal temperature reconstructions from fossil groundwater and pollen assemblages, as well as similar glacier modelling reconstructions from the central Southern Alps, which suggest air temperatures were ca. 6 • C lower than present across New Zealand during the Last Glacial Maximum.

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“…3). 1994;Waythomas et al, 1996), 유출구 림붕괴(breach) 로 유출이 발생한 과거 기록을 가진 뉴질랜드 루아 페후(Ruapehu) 칼데라호 (Beetham, 1982;Houghton et al, 1987;Massey et al, 2010) , 1954;Waythomas et al, 1996). 뿐만 아니라 알라스카의 Okmok 칼데라호 (Byers, 1959) 캄차카반도의 Ksudach 칼데라호 (Selyangin, 1991;Macias and Sheridam, 1995) (Fig.…”

Section: 시하였다 각각의 시나리오 별(림 붕괴unclassified

Probable Volcanic Flood of the Cheonji Caldera Lake Triggered by Volcanic Eruption of Mt. Baekdusan

Lee

Kim²,

Yoo³

et al. 2013

Journal of the Korean earth science society

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The historical accounts and materials about the eruption of Mt. Baekdusan as observed by the geological survey is now showing some signs of waking from a long slumber. As a response of the volcanic eruption of Mt. Baekdusan, water release may occur from the stored water in Lake Cheonjii caldera. The volcanic flood is crucial in that it has huge potential energy that can destruct all kinds of man-made structures and that its velocity can reach up to 100 km hr −1 to cover hundreds of kilometers of downstream of Lake Cheonji. The ultimate goal of the study is to estimate the level of damage caused by the volcanic flood of Lake Cheon-Ji caldera. As a preliminary study a scenario-based numerical analysis is performed to build hydrographs as a function of time. The analysis is performed for each scenario (breach, magma uplift, combination of uplift and breach, formation of precipitation etc.) and the parameters to require a model structure is chosen on the basis of the historic records of other volcanos. This study only considers the amount of water at the rim site as a function of time for the estimation whereas the downstream routing process is not considered in this study.

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Volcanic hazard assessment for Ruapehu composite volcano, taupo volcanic zone, New Zealand

Cited by 85 publications

References 6 publications

1995 Ruapehu lahars in relation to the late Holocene lahars of Whangaehu River, New Zealand

1995 Ruapehu lahars in relation to the late Holocene lahars of Whangaehu River, New Zealand

The Last Glacial Maximum in the central North Island, New Zealand: palaeoclimate inferences from glacier modelling

Probable Volcanic Flood of the Cheonji Caldera Lake Triggered by Volcanic Eruption of Mt. Baekdusan

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