Volcanic and structural evolution of Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: a review

Wilson, C. J. N.; Houghton, B. F.; McWilliams, Michael; Lanphere, Marvin A.; Weaver, S. D.; Briggs, R. M.

doi:10.1016/0377-0273(95)00006-g

Cited by 724 publications

(634 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Eruptions that emit 1-10 km 3 of tephra (0.25-2.5 km 3 DRE) occur on the average once every 1000 years (Thorarinsson, 1958(Thorarinsson, , 1967a(Thorarinsson, , 1970aLarsen and Thorarinsson, 1977;Larsen et al, 2001;Larsen, 2002). Larger events (>10 km 3 tephra) occur roughly once in 100,000 years (Lacasse et al, 1995;Lacasse and Garbe-Schönberg, 2001)-equivalent to the highly active silicic systems like the Taupo Volcanic Zone in New Zealand Wilson et al, 1995). 1980;Hudson, 1991;Quizapu, 1931;Novarupta, 1912) and four Strombolian eruptions (Kilauea Iki, 1959;Etna, 1971, Terceira B;Terceira E).…”

Section: Explosive Eruptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanism in Iceland in historical time: Volcano types, eruption styles and eruptive history

Thordarson

Larsen

2007

Journal of Geodynamics

492

454

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The large-scale volcanic lineaments in Iceland are an axial zone, which is delineated by the Reykjanes, West and North Volcanic Zones (RVZ, WVZ, NVZ) and the East Volcanic Zone (EVZ), which is growing in length by propagation to the southwest through pre-existing crust. These zones are connected across central Iceland by the Mid-Iceland Belt (MIB). Other volcanically active areas are the two intraplate belts ofÖraefajökull (ÖVB) and Snaefellsnes (SVB). The principal structure of the volcanic zones are the 30 volcanic systems, where 12 are comprised of a fissure swarm and a central volcano, 7 of a central volcano, 9 of a fissure swarm and a central domain, and 2 are typified by a central domain alone.Volcanism in Iceland is unusually diverse for an oceanic island because of special geological and climatological circumstances. It features nearly all volcano types and eruption styles known on Earth. The first order grouping of volcanoes is in accordance with recurrence of eruptions on the same vent system and is divided into central volcanoes (polygenetic) and basalt volcanoes (monogenetic). The basalt volcanoes are categorized further in accordance with vent geometry (circular or linear), type of vent accumulation, characteristic style of eruption and volcanic environment (i.e. subaerial, subglacial, submarine).Eruptions are broadly grouped into effusive eruptions where >95% of the erupted magma is lava, explosive eruptions if >95% of the erupted magma is tephra (volume calculated as dense rock equivalent, DRE), and mixed eruptions if the ratio of lava to tephra occupy the range in between these two end-members. Although basaltic volcanism dominates, the activity in historical time (i.e. last 11 centuries) features expulsion of basalt, andesite, dacite and rhyolite magmas that have produced effusive eruptions of Hawaiian and flood lava magnitudes, mixed eruptions featuring phases of Strombolian to Plinian intensities, and explosive phreatomagmatic and magmatic eruptions spanning almost the entire intensity scale; from Surtseyan to Phreatoplinian in case of "wet" eruptions and Strombolian to Plinian in terms of "dry" eruptions. In historical time the magma volume extruded by individual eruptions ranges from ∼1 m 3 to ∼20 km 3 DRE, reflecting variable magma compositions, effusion rates and eruption durations.All together 205 eruptive events have been identified in historical time by detailed mapping and dating of events along with extensive research on documentation of eruptions in historical chronicles. Of these 205 events, 192 represent individual eruptions and 13 are classified as "Fires", which include two or more eruptions defining an episode of volcanic activity that lasts for months to years. Of the 159 eruptions verified by identification of their products 124 are explosive, effusive eruptions are 14 and mixed eruptions are 21. Eruptions listed as reported-only are 33. Eight of the Fires are predominantly effusive and the remaining five include explosive activity that produced extensive tephra layers...

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Section: Explosive Eruptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanism in Iceland in historical time: Volcano types, eruption styles and eruptive history

Thordarson

Larsen

2007

Journal of Geodynamics

492

454

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“…Paleomagnetic data suggest clockwise rotation of the central and southern Hikurangi margin since the early Miocene [Walcott and Mumme, 1982;Mumme and Walcott, 1985;Wright and Walcott, 1986;Thornley, 1996]. Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ) rifting began $1 -2 Ma ago [Wilson et al, 1995], although back-arc rifting in the central North Island likely started $4 Ma ago [Stern, 1987]. A transition from collision to subduction at the Hikurangi subduction margin has probably led to rotation of the Hikurangi fore arc since the early Miocene, although this rotation did not result in back-arc rifting until $4 Ma ago.…”

Section: A212 Mediterraneanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collisional model for rapid fore‐arc block rotations, arc curvature, and episodic back‐arc rifting in subduction settings

Wallace

Ellis

Mann

2009

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

101

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[1] We review geophysical and geological data from 23 active and ancient plate boundaries to document a compelling spatial and temporal relationship between collision, plate boundary curvature, rapid tectonic rotations, and the occurrence of back-arc rifting. Our observations support a conceptual model where the change from subduction to collision causes rapid fore-arc rotation (when viewed in a reference frame relative to the bounding tectonic plates), leading to marked plate boundary curvature. Our global compilation reveals that most active back-arc rifts are associated with rapidly rotating fore arcs and nearby collisions. Thus, we propose that collision and rapid fore-arc rotations play a major role in the evolution and kinematics of back-arc basins. We conduct numerical modeling to better understand the physical processes behind these observed rapid tectonic rotations at convergent margins. Our results suggest that the presence of an indentor or choke point in the subduction system (e.g., collision) can generate rapid rotation of the fore arc about a nearby pole and lead to back-arc rifting. The rate of fore-arc rotation and back-arc rifting depends on the incoming indentor velocity and can be greatly enhanced by slab rollback and the presence of a low-viscosity back arc. Where viscosity of the back arc is low, fore-arc rotation dominates; where back-arc viscosity is high, the formation of strike-slip faults and tectonic escape dominates. Our observational and model-derived results illustrate that shallow crustal forces produced by the entry of buoyant features into subduction zones are a fundamental mechanism for the generation of fore-arc block rotations, plate boundary curvature, back-arc rift evolution, and tectonic escape in subduction systems. Rollback of the subducting slab within the mantle will certainly enhance the processes we describe but it is not the only driving force. Wallace, L. M., S. Ellis, and P. Mann (2009), Collisional model for rapid fore-arc block rotations, arc curvature, and episodic back-arc rifting in subduction settings, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 10, Q05001,

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“…A number of conflicting models have been proposed for the formation of the TVZ and for the exceptionally high heat flow [summarized in Wilson et al, 1995]. In particular, Stern [1985] has suggested that the mesozoic greywacke basement rocks that crop out to both the east and west ( The near surface electrical structure of the TVZ has been mapped in detail using Schlumberger array surveys which cover most of the TVZ [Bibby, 1988].…”

Section: Introduction the North Island Of Newmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wide‐band magnetotelluric measurements across the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand‐Preliminary results

Ogawa¹,

Bibby²,

Caldwell³

et al. 1999

Geophysical Research Letters

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Volcanic and structural evolution of Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: a review

Cited by 724 publications

References 103 publications

Volcanism in Iceland in historical time: Volcano types, eruption styles and eruptive history

Volcanism in Iceland in historical time: Volcano types, eruption styles and eruptive history

Collisional model for rapid fore‐arc block rotations, arc curvature, and episodic back‐arc rifting in subduction settings

Wide‐band magnetotelluric measurements across the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand‐Preliminary results

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