“…It might be thought that a way around this problem is to use volatility-sensitive financial derivatives, e.g., options, but that is not generally the case. As noted by Todorov and Tauchen (2010), a market-based volatility index based on a portfolio of option prices such as the VIX is actually two-level convolution of the 1 See, for example, Shephard (2004, 2006), Ait-Sahalia and Jacod (2009b), among many others, with evaluations of jump tests in Huang and Tauchen (2005), and quite comprehensively in Theodosiou and Zikes (2009).…”