Volatile Composition Screening of Salix spp. Nectar Honey: Benzenecarboxylic Acids, Norisoprenoids, Terpenes, and Others

Abstract

Salix spp. nectar honey volatiles of Croatian origin were analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and ultrasonic solvent extraction (USE), followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC, GC/MS). Isolated volatiles were found in the honey headspace and extracts with almost exclusive distribution of several abundant compounds (e.g., phenylacetic acid, pinocembrin, 8-hydroxy-4,7-dimethylcoumarin, and 3-hydroxy-trans-β-damascone in the extracts, or safranal and lilac alcohols in the headspace). Comparison with Croatian Salix spp. honeydew honey revealed similarities regarding distribution of important shikimate pathway derivatives (e.g., high percentage of phenylacetic acid) and several norisoprenoids (α-isophorone and 4-oxoisophorone). On the other hand, distinct features of this honey were occurrence of compounds such as pinocembrin, 8-hydroxy-4,7-dimethylcoumarin, phenylacetonitrile, norisoprenoids (major ones: 3-hydroxy-trans-β-damascenone and trans-β-damascone), more pronounced variability of linalool-derived compounds, as well as the abundance of 3-methylpropanoic acid, 3-methylbutanoic acid, 2-methylpentanoic acid, and 3-methylpentan-1-ol.

Biodiversity of Salix spp. Honeydew and Nectar Honeys Determined by RP‐HPLC and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Capacity

“…pollen ranging from 45 to 58%. Pollen spectra were in accordance with published data on willow nectar honey [5] [7]. Salix spp.…”

“…Although volatile fraction provides useful information, it is affected by several sources of variability, mainly for the extraction procedure. For instance, extraction of compounds can greatly vary according to the fibre used in headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) [4 -6], or to the solvent polarity in both solvent [3] and ultrasonic solvent extraction (USE) [5] [6].…”

Palynological and chemical volatile components of typically autumnal honeys of the western Mediterranean

“…Safranal and oxoisophorone can be considered as volatile markers of this honey. Isophorone, a 3,5,5-trimethyl-cyclohex-2-ene-family derivative, was considered a reliable contributor in order to authenticate other honeys such as Calluna (Guyot et al, 1999) or Salix (Jerković & Marijanović, 2010). The presence of trans-linalool oxide could be related to the influence of Ceratonia siliqua.…”

Methyl Jasmonate Elicitation Affects Expression of Genes Involved in Biosynthesis and Turnover of 2-Phenylethylamine in Maize Seedlings

“…Phenylacetic acid (PAA) has been detected in the organs of many plant systems (Jerković and Marijanović, 2010;Kuś et al, 2013). Although PAA has been recognized to exhibit an auxinomimetic role in regulation of plant growth and development, detailed mechanisms of action of this compound remain unknown (Simon and Petrášek, 2011).…”

“…Furthermore, it has been identified in tissues of a wide range of plant systems, such as tomato, grape, apple, tamarind, jasmine, petunia, lily, hyacinth and narcissus (Kaminaga et al, 2006;Tieman et al, 2007;Jerković and Marijanović, 2010;Kuś et al, 2013). There have been described numerous biogenetic pathways of PE.…”