Volatile components of alfalfa flowers and pods

Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of Hylastinus obscurus to volatiles released from the roots of Trifolium pratense L.

“…In fact, Jaffé et al (1993) showed that hexanal synergized a mix of different pineapple and coconut volatiles, which attracted palm weevils, Rhynchophorus palmarum, in laboratory assays, but not in field tests. Earlier, the presence of hexanal was noted in alfalfa by Buttery et al (1982), and it was tested in laboratory as a possible attractant for Hylastinus obscurus, but no positive results were found .…”

Analysis of Flower and Pollen Volatiles

“…In some cases the volatile profile is clearly dominated by certain compounds, with numerous other constituents present in minor quantities (e.g., Buttery et al 1982Buttery et al , 1984Buttery et al , 1986Matile and Altenburger 1988;Patt et al 1988;Dobson et al 1990;Loughrin et al 1990). The characteristic features of flower fragrances as detected by humans are often due to only a portion of the total volatiles comprised of both major and minor components (Lindeman et al 1982;Joulain 1987;Matile and Altenburger 1988).…”

“…Volatile samples obtained by the more traditional approaches of solvent extraction and distillation yield both greater quantities and a larger number of compounds (frequently 70-100) compared with headspace approaches (e.g., Buttery et al 1982;Flath et al 1983;Etievant et al 1984;Borg-Karlson et al 1985aBorg-Karlson 1990). However, their greater uptake of high boiling-low volatility compounds results in a relative under-representation, and even lack of detection, of the highly volatile compounds found in the headspace, some of which are critical in defining a fragrance (Kaiser and Lamparsky 1982;Toulemonde and Richard 1983;Lamparsky 1985;Joulain 1987).…”

“…Cartridges of Tenax GC may contain only 30 mg (Patt et al 1988), 75 mg within 40 x 4 mm tubes (Borg-Karlson et al 1985b), or 200 mg in 150 x 6 mm tubes (Lewis et al 1988). Buttery et al (1982Buttery et al ( , 1984Buttery et al ( , 1986 and Loughrin et al (1990) used around 1.5 g Tenax GC, within 1.3 x 7 cm cartridges, and in one case as much as 10 g, for large flower samples weighing 200 g. Activated charcoal can be likewise packed into cartridges, such as in quantities of 100 mg (Patt et al 1988). Alternatively, one can use small manufactured charcoal filters (5 mg) that are embedded between two grids (Bender & Hobein AG, Zurich, or Brechbuhler AG, Urdorf, Switzerland); these appear to be very efficient and are presently being used in several laboratories.…”

“…Tenax can be initially conditioned by heating to 200-250 °C with a nitrogen gas flow for up to 24 h within the adsorbent cartridges (Bergstrom et al 1980); Buttery et al (1982) eluted Tenax GC with diethyl ether prior to heating. Williams (1983) conditions his Tenax-charcoal cartridges at 275°C.…”