Vocal Intensity Characteristics inNormal and Elderly Speakers

Hodge, F.Sean; Colton, Raymond H.; Kelley, Richard T.

doi:10.1016/s0892-1997(01)00050-9

Cited by 67 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This result may indicate an underlying physiological mechanism, perhaps analogous to the known covariation between voice SPL and fo, which was also observed in the present study 29 . Videolaryngoscopic and aerodynamic examinations in adults with normal voices have demonstrated that increases in voice SPL and fo are associated with higher vocal fold tonus 32,33 . This might lead to a stiffer and stabilized vocal fold, thereby reducing random variability in vocal fold vibratory patterns 34 .…”

Section: Implications For Phonation Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Usually we expect a natural covariation of voice fo and SPL in measurements of speaking voice range profiles, with an association of higher voice SPL and increased fo [29][30][31] . Videolaryngoscopic and aerodynamic examinations in healthy adults show that this is related with an increased vocal fold tonus 32,33 . A higher tonus might result in vocal fold stiffening, facilitating more regular vibration patterns and probably lower jitter and shimmer 34 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Acoustic Perturbation Measures Improve with Increasing Vocal Intensity in Individuals With and Without Voice Disorders

2018

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OBJECTIVE: In vocally healthy children and adults, speaking voice loudness differences can significantly confound acoustic perturbation measurements. This study examines the effects of voice sound pressure level (SPL) on jitter, shimmer, and harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR) in adults with voice disorders and a control group with normal vocal status. STUDY DESIGN: This is a matched case-control study. METHODS: We assessed 58 adult female voice patients matched according to approximate age and occupation with 58 vocally healthy women. Diagnoses included vocal fold nodules (n = 39, 67.2%), polyps (n = 5, 8.6%), and muscle tension dysphonia (n = 14, 24.1%). All participants sustained the vowel /a/ at soft, comfortable, and loud phonation levels. Acoustic voice SPL, jitter, shimmer, and HNR were computed using Praat. The effects of loudness condition, voice SPL, pathology, differential diagnosis, age, and professional voice use level on acoustic perturbation measures were assessed using linear mixed models and Wilcoxon signed rank tests. RESULTS: In both patient and normative control groups, increasing voice SPL correlated significantly (P < 0.001) with decreased jitter and shimmer, and increased HNR. Voice pathology and differential diagnosis were not linked to systematically higher jitter and shimmer. HNR levels, however, were statistically higher in the patient group than in the control group at comfortable phonation levels. Professional voice use level had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on jitter, shimmer, and HNR. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical value of acoustic jitter, shimmer, and HNR may be limited if speaking voice SPL and professional voice use level effects are not controlled for. Future studies are warranted to investigate whether perturbation measures are useful clinical outcome metrics when controlling for these effects. Study Design: Matched case-control study Methods: 58 adult female voice patients, matched according to approximate age and occupation with 58 vocally healthy women, were assessed. Diagnoses included vocal fold nodules (n:39, 67.2%), polyps (n:5, 8.6%), and muscle tension dysphonia (MTD; n:14, 24.1%). All participants sustained the vowel /a/ at soft, comfortable, and loud phonation levels. Acoustic voice SPL, jitter, shimmer, and HNR were computed using Praat. The effects of loudness condition, voice SPL, pathology, differential diagnosis, age, and professional voice use level on acoustic perturbation measures were assessed using linear mixed models and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.Results: In both patient and normative control groups, increasing voice SPL correlated significantly (p<0.001) with decreased jitter and shimmer, and increased HNR. Voice pathology and differential diagnosis were not linked to systematically higher jitter and shimmer. HNR levels, however, were statistically higher in the patient versus control group at comfortable phonation levels. Professional voice use level had a significant effect (p<0.05) on jitter, shimmer, and HNR.Conclusions: The clinical value of ac...

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Section: Implications For Phonation Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Acoustic Perturbation Measures Improve with Increasing Vocal Intensity in Individuals With and Without Voice Disorders

2018

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“…Diversos estudos mostraram a validade dessas medidas, a melhor forma de utilizá-las 3,4 , apontaram a necessidade de uso para controle de tratamentos 5 e tentaram encontrar dados normativos em diversas faixas etárias 6,7 . Estudos da função respiratória no idoso apontam para mudanças importantes apresentando um declínio pequeno nos anos iniciais da terceira idade e acelerado nas idades avançadas 8 , diferentemente do que ocorre na infância, quando o aumento da idade favorece o aumento das medidas de função pulmonar 7 . Dentre as modificações do aparelho respiratório pode-se destacar a perda da elasticidade do tecido pulmonar, entretanto, ocorrem também: diminuição das estruturas respiratórias, diminuição da complacência das vênulas e arteríolas e aumento da fibrose do revestimento de capilares, além do depósito de colágeno ou hialinização, com influências no suporte respiratório para a fala 9,10 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Medidas da dinâmica respiratória em idosos participantes de grupos de terceira idade

Fabron

Sebastião

Oliveira³

et al. 2011

Rev. CEFAC

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RESUMOObjetivo: analisar medidas da dinâmica respiratória em participantes de grupos de terceira idade. Método: participaram 41 pessoas, 32 do sexo feminino e nove do masculino, idade média de 69,90 anos. A avaliação foi realizada por meio das medidas de tempos máximos de fonação (TMF) das vogais /a/, /i/, /u/, das consoantes /s/ e /z/ e contagem de números; relação s/z; medida de capacidade vital (CV) e cocientes fônicos simples (CFS) e composto (CFC). Resultados: os valores médios dos indivíduos do sexo masculino para os TMF das vogais, consoantes e contagem de números foram respectivamente, 18,11s; 19,22s; 19,11s; 15,22s e 15,61s e 18,77s, sendo 0,98 o valor da relação s/z. No sexo feminino, as médias das mesmas medidas de TMF foram respectivamente 13,94s; 14,19s; 13,98s; 10,11s e 11,63s; 13,90s, sendo 0,92 a relação s/z. A média de TMF das vogais foi significativamente maior que a média das consoantes no grupo feminino. O valor médio da CV sem oclusão nasal no sexo feminino foi de 2.247ml e no masculino de 3.211 ml. Foi verificada relação significante entre a medida de CV e a variável idade, no grupo feminino. Os valores médios do CFS nos grupos de homens e mulheres foram respectivamente 182,11 ml/s e 176,58 ml/s e do CFC, 184,35 ml/s e 186,93 ml/s. Conclusão: as medidas da dinâmica respiratória dos participantes estiveram próximas aos valores de referência para adultos na literatura, bem como próximos aos de estudos de idosos, havendo diferenças para mais ou para menos nas diferentes medidas estudadas. DESCRITORES: INTRODUÇÃOAs medidas de dinâmica respiratória compõem diversos protocolos de avaliação vocal de indivíduos em várias faixas etárias, por apresentarem dados do aproveitamento do ar pulmonar na fonação, bem como, do funcionamento glótico 1,2 Dentre as medidas utilizadas destacamos a capacidade vital e os tempos máximos de fonação de vogais e consoantes, sendo que a partir deles podem ser calculados a relação s/z e o cociente fônico simples e composto. Diversos estudos mostraram a validade dessas medidas, a melhor forma de utilizá-las 3,4 , apontaram a necessidade de uso para controle de tratamentos 5 e tentaram encontrar dados normativos em diversas faixas etárias 6,7 . Estudos da função respiratória no idoso apontam para mudanças importantes apresentando um declínio pequeno nos anos iniciais da terceira idade e acelerado nas idades avançadas 8 , diferentemente

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“…However, other studies described the voices of typically aging adults as having a breathy quality (Baken, 2005;Eadie, 2000;Gregory, Chandran, Lurie, & Sataloff, 2012;Linville, 2000Linville, , 2002Linville, , 2004Ramig et al, 2000;Sauder, Roy, Tanner, Houtz, & Smith, 2010;Verdonckde Leeuw & Mahieu, 2004). Further, older voices have been described by researchers as having reduced loudness (Goy, Fernandes, Pichora-Fuller, & van Lieshout, 2013;Gregory et al, 2012;Hodge, Colton, & Kelley, 2001;Linville, 2000;Zraick, Smith-Olinde, & Shotts, 2012). In sum, typically aging adults may experience a reduction in speech loudness, with a breathy vocal quality.…”

Section: Incent and Velkoffmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laryngeal Aerodynamics in Healthy Older Adults and Adults With Parkinson's Disease

Matheron

Stathopoulos

Huber

et al. 2017

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Purpose: The present study compared laryngeal aerodynamic function of healthy older adults (HOA) to adults with Parkinson's disease (PD) while speaking at a comfortable and increased vocal intensity. Method: Laryngeal aerodynamic measures (subglottal pressure, peak-to-peak flow, minimum flow, and open quotient [OQ]) were compared between HOAs and individuals with PD who had a diagnosis of hypophonia. Increased vocal intensity was elicited via monaurally presented multitalker background noise. Results: At a comfortable speaking intensity, HOAs and individuals with PD produced comparable vocal intensity, rates of vocal fold closure, and minimum flow. HOAs used smaller OQs, higher subglottal pressure, and lower peak-topeak flow than individuals with PD. Both groups increased speaking intensity when speaking in noise to the same degree. However, HOAs produced increased intensity with greater driving pressure, faster vocal fold closure rates, and smaller OQs than individuals with PD. Conclusions: Monaural background noise elicited equivalent vocal intensity increases in HOAs and individuals with PD. Although both groups used laryngeal mechanisms as expected to increase sound pressure level, they used these mechanisms to different degrees. The HOAs appeared to have better control of the laryngeal mechanism to make changes to their vocal intensity. It is projected that more than 610,000 individuals will be affected by PD by 2030(Dorsey et al., 2007. Aging of the general population and increased prevalence of PD motivate the need to understand how age, disease state, and disease progression affect underlying speech subsystems. With the aging of the general population, and with an increased prevalence of individuals with PD, the first purpose of the current study was to investigate whether healthy older adults (HOAs) and individuals with PD perform similarly with respect to laryngeal function during speech. Further, as hypophonia (perceptually quiet voice) is a concern in individuals with PD, the second purpose of the current study was to assess whether HOAs and adults with PD and hypophonia were able to utilize the same laryngeal adjustments when increasing sound pressure level (SPL).Typically aging adults may experience qualitative voice changes as they age. One investigation of younger and older women reported that older women were no breathier than their younger peers (Gorham-Rowan & Laures-Gore, 2006). However, other studies described the voices of typically aging adults as having a breathy quality

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Vocal Intensity Characteristics inNormal and Elderly Speakers

Cited by 67 publications

References 33 publications

Acoustic Perturbation Measures Improve with Increasing Vocal Intensity in Individuals With and Without Voice Disorders

Acoustic Perturbation Measures Improve with Increasing Vocal Intensity in Individuals With and Without Voice Disorders

Medidas da dinâmica respiratória em idosos participantes de grupos de terceira idade

Laryngeal Aerodynamics in Healthy Older Adults and Adults With Parkinson's Disease

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