Vocal Fold Augmentation with Calcium Hydroxylapatite

Outpatient‐based injection laryngoplasty for the management of unilateral vocal fold paralysis – clinical outcomes from a UK centre

“…The active participation of the patient, who can phonate or cough during the procedure, provides invaluable feedback. However, candidate selection has some importance in this regard as the procedure depends on a calm and co‐operative patient; heightened anxiety and a strong gag reflex that persists through topical anaesthesia are generally contraindications …”

Chondrocytes suspended in modified fibrin glue for vocal fold augmentation: An in vitro study in a porcine larynx model

“…Over the last century several materials have been tested such as paraffin,2 bone paste,3 and Teflon 4. In modern vocal fold augmentation substances like collagen,5 fat,6 hydroxylapatite,7 micronized acellular dermis,8 hyaluronan,9 silicone,10 and fascia11 are in clinical use. However, almost all of the materials already used in therapy bear the risks of resorption,5, 12 immunologic response,12 as well as migration or formation of foreign body granulations.…”

Office‐based injection laryngoplasty in the irradiated larynx

“…Injection laryngoplasty has been favored over medialization laryngoplasty to treat patients with vocal fold paralysis, as the overall technique has been simplified to a method that can be performed in‐office with minimal patient discomfort and complications 1. Among the absorbable materials used for vocal fold injection, calcium hydroxylapatite, Gelfoam, and micronized Alloderm are well recognized due to their minimal bioreactivity and risk of infection 2–6. The duration of these materials is variable, and patients may require multiple injections to achieve the desirable results.…”