VOC and Particulate Emissions from Commercial Cigarettes: Analysis of 2,5-DMF as an ETS Tracer

Abstract

Emissions of particulate matter (PM) and a broad suite of target volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in total, main-stream (MS) and side-stream (SS) smoke emissions are measured for six types of commercial cigarettes. The suitability of 2,5-dimethyl furan (DMF) as a tracer for environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is investigated using laboratory results and a field study of 47 residences. Over 30 VOCs were characterized in cigarette smoke, including several that have not been reported previously. "regular tar", "low tar", menthol, and nonmenthol cigarettes showed only minor differences in PM and VOC emissions. When total emissions are considered, PM emissions averaged 18 +/- 2 mg cigarette(-1) and VOC emissions averaged 3644 +/- 160 mg cigarette(-1). DMF appears to satisfy all requirements for a tracer, namely, uniqueness, detectability, similar emission factors across tobacco products (211 +/- 16 microg cigarette(-1)), consistent proportions to other ETS compounds, and behavior similar to other ETS components in relevant environments. On the basis of field study results, DMF more reliably indicated smoking status than occupant-completed questionnaires, and cigarette smoking was responsible for significant fractions of benzene (50%), styrene (49%), and other VOCs in the smoker's homes.

A rapid method for the chromatographic analysis of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath of tobacco cigarette and electronic cigarette smokers

“…The occurrence of myosmine, isonicoteine and nicotyrine together with nicotine in tobacco cigarette smoke has been reported in previous studies [24,25]. 2,5-dimethylfuran is another compound characteristic of tobacco cigarette smoke that has been proposed as a specific marker [25][26][27][28][29]. In the present study, this compound was present in the chromatogram of the tobacco cigarette smoke and absent in those of the e-cigarette smoke ( Fig.…”

Evaluation of potential breath biomarkers for active smoking: assessment of smoking habits

“…2,5-dimethylfuran has the advantage of not being an endogenous substance and that it can only be introduced in the respiratory system from exogenous sources: smoking is practically the only realistic source of this contamination. Moreover, recent studies have shown that 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 F o r P e e r R e v i e w 14 2,5-dimethylfuran emissions do not differ by cigarette type [30]. The results obtained in the present study show that this compound yields significant differences between smokers and non-smokers in all conditions evaluated (e.g., short-and long-exposure, light and heavy consumption).…”

“…Toluene and xylenes were chosen because VOC emissions by cigarette smoke are usually dominated by benzene and these compounds [30]. 2,5-dimethylfuran was included as recent studies have showed its strong correlation with smoking status [22,[24][25][26][27][28].…”

Olfactory Comfort Assurance in Buildings

“…Typical values of pollutants usually checked in IAQ audits and released by one cigaratte burning are given in Table 10, which summarizes information collected in (Charles et al, 2008;REHVA, 2004 (DIN 1946(DIN , 1994; -indoor air quality, according to European Standard CEN 1752, described below. Ventilation efficiency ε v is a criterion for energy and fan performances.…”