Vivax Malaria: A Continuing Health Threat to the Republic of Korea

Park, Jae Won; Klein, Terry A.; Lee, Hee Choon; Pacha, Laura A.; Ryu, Seung Ho; Yeom, Joon Sup; Moon, Seung Hwan; Kim, Tong Soo; Chai, Jong Yil; Oh, Myoung Don; Choe, Kang Won

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2003.69.159

Cited by 72 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…2,3 Through improved national economic conditions and continuous malaria control programs, P. vivax malaria cases in the Republic of Korea (ROK) tapered off in the 1960s and 1970s, and, finally, ROK was declared malariafree in 1979. 4,5 However, P. vivax malaria re-emerged in ROK in 1993, and its annual incidence rapidly increased up to more than 4,000 cases in 2000, 6 fell to 864 cases in 2004, and rose again in 2005. 7,8 During the early period of re-emergence, P. vivax malaria in ROK may have been mostly caused by infected Anopheline mosquitoes originating from the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK; North Korea) near the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), as evidenced by epidemiologic and demographic data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resurgence of Plasmodium vivax Malaria in the Republic of Korea during 2006–2007

Jun¹,

Yeom²,

Hong³

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Plasmodium vivax malaria, which re-emerged in the Republic of Korea (ROK) 8%) were civilians. The rapid increase during this period was mostly contributed by the western part of the malaria-risk areas that is under the influence of adjacent North Korea. Local transmission cases in ROK have also increased gradually and the transmission period seemingly became longer. Chemoprophylaxis in the military should be re-assessed in view of chloroquineresistance. Continuous surveillance and monitoring are warranted to prevent further expansion of P. vivax malaria caused by climate change in ROK.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resurgence of Plasmodium vivax Malaria in the Republic of Korea during 2006–2007

Jun¹,

Yeom²,

Hong³

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…As the total number of malaria cases increased, the ratio of civilianto-army cases also increased [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Vivax Malaria Transmission Features in the Republic of Korea during 2013-2014

HW¹,

TS²,

BK³

et al. 2017

J Trop Dis

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Since the re-emergence of Plasmodium vivax in the Republic of Korea (ROK), 32,197 cases of vivax malaria have been reported . The aim of this study was to review the notification records of malaria to the Korean Centres for Disease Control and Prevention to investigate its transmission during the period 2013-2014. Reporting of malaria cases confirmed by microscopic examination is mandatory in the ROK. In this study, all available records of malaria cases and collected malaria vectors from eight locations in Gangwon Province, Gyeonggi Province, and Incheon Metropolitan City during 2013-2014 were reviewed. During the study period, 943 malaria cases were recorded. The number of cases reported in 2013 decreased by 30.6% (385 cases) compared with that in 2012 (555 cases); however, it increased by 44.9% in 2014 (558 cases) compared with that in 2013. This change may be due to the increased malaria vector density. Anopheles sinensis sensu lato increased at most collection sites in 2014 compared with that in 2013. In addition, the annual mean temperature and precipitation were slightly increased in 2014 compared with those in 2013.An increase in the number of malaria cases in a short period requires the attention of the officer in charge in order to treat the disease. More-intensive surveillance is needed in high-risk areas to identify the factors that affect the incidence of malaria in the ROK.

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“…4,9 Malaria cases in veterans are defined as those experiencing a malaria attack within 24 months after retiret t ment. Soldiers diagnosed with malaria are admitted to a military hospital for treatment and are interviewed by physit t cians; veterans are treated in community outpatient clinics and are interviewed by trained publicthealth specialists.…”

Section: Malaria Surveillancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Since 1993, the number of malaria cases has increased exponentially, particularly among soldiers based near the DMZ. [1][2][3][4][5] Chemoprophylaxis and the epidemiological characteristics of re-emergent P. vivax malaria in the Republic of Korea Changsoo …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Chemoprophylaxis and the epidemiological characteristics of re-emergent P. vivax malaria in the Republic of Korea In ROK, healthy males aged over 18 years serve 26 months of mandat t tory military duty; most are stationed throughout their service near the DMZ, where the risk of malaria is highest. After finishing their military duty, the soldiers return from these risk areas to areas with little or no malaria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemoprophylaxis and the epidemiological characteristics of re-emergent P. vivax malaria in the Republic of Korea

Kim

Shin

Yong

et al. 2006

Bull World Health Organ

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Objective In the Republic of Korea (ROK), soldiers stationed where there is a risk of contracting malaria have received antimalarial chemoprophylaxis since 1997. However, chemoprophylaxis may facilitate the development of drug resistance, and late primary attacks in individuals who have received chemoprophylaxis are becoming more frequent. We investigated the association between chemoprophylaxis and the epidemiological characteristics and effectiveness of treatment for re-emergent Plasmodium vivax malaria, using a nationwide malaria database. Methods Among soldiers at risk of malaria between 1999 and 2001, we reviewed all P. vivax malaria cases (1158) that occurred before 31 December 2003. Early and late primary attacks were defined as cases occurring < 2 or > 2 months after the last day of exposure to risk of malaria, respectively. Findings Of these cases, 634 (72.0%) had received chemoprophylaxis, and 324 (28.0%) had not. Cases occurred mostly in summer, with a peak in July-August. Stratification by chemoprophylaxis history revealed different times to onset. Early primary attacks were more prevalent in the group not receiving chemoprophylaxis, while in the group receiving chemoprophylaxis most cases were late primary attacks. Of the latter, 312 out of 461 (67.7%) did not take primaquine regularly. After treatment of the first attack, 14 (1.2%) of 1158 were re-treated; all re-treated cases were cured using the same doses and regimen used for the first treatment. Conclusion In ROK, the increase in late primary episodes of re-emergent P. vivax malaria is associated with the use of antimalarial chemoprophylaxis.Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2006;84:827-834.Voir page 833 le résumé en français. En la página 833 figura un resumen en español. IntroductionPlasmodium vivax, the causative agent of vivax malaria, has been endemic in the Republic of Korea (ROK) for cent t turies. The number of cases of endemic malaria began to decline in the 1960s, partly due to increased socioeconomic development, increased use of agricult t tural pesticides, and the efforts of the National Malaria Eradication Service. These factors contributed to the eradicat t tion of malaria in the ROK, resulting in the declaration by WHO in 1979 that the country was malariatfree. 1 In 1993, one case of malaria attributed to autot chthonous transmission was detected near the demilitarized zone (DMZ) that separates ROK (south) from the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (north).2 Since 1993, the number of malaria cases has increased exponentially, particularly among soldiers based near the DMZ. [1][2][3][4][5] Chemoprophylaxis and the epidemiological characteristics of re-emergent P. vivax malaria in the Republic of Korea In ROK, healthy males aged over 18 years serve 26 months of mandat t tory military duty; most are stationed throughout their service near the DMZ, where the risk of malaria is highest. After finishing their military duty, the soldiers return from these risk areas to areas with little or no malaria. To reduce the occurren...

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Vivax Malaria: A Continuing Health Threat to the Republic of Korea

Cited by 72 publications

References 19 publications

Resurgence of Plasmodium vivax Malaria in the Republic of Korea during 2006–2007

Resurgence of Plasmodium vivax Malaria in the Republic of Korea during 2006–2007

Changing Vivax Malaria Transmission Features in the Republic of Korea during 2013-2014

Chemoprophylaxis and the epidemiological characteristics of re-emergent P. vivax malaria in the Republic of Korea

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