Vitreous Inhibition of Tumor Neovascularization

Felton, Stephen M.; Brown, Gary C.; Felberg, Norman T.; Federman, Jay L.

doi:10.1001/archopht.1979.01020020278019

Cited by 40 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…There are several inhibitors of angiogenesis that maintain the vitreous as avascular site in the eye. In fact, extracts of vitreous, and lens have been demonstrated to inhibit neovascularization in vivo and endothelial cell proliferation in vitro [303][304][305][306]. Retinal capillaries normally do not invade the vitreous or extend beyond the inner plexiform layer of the retina.…”

Section: Antiangiogenic Factorssupporting

confidence: 39%

Angiogenic and Antiangiogenic Factors in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Simó

Carrasco²,

Garcia-Ramírez³

et al. 2006

CDR

328

236

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Diabetic retinopathy continues to be the leading cause of legal blindness among working-age individuals. The earliest histological features of diabetic retinopathy include neuroretinal damage, capillary basement membrane thickening, loss of pericytes and loss of endothelial cells. At advanced stages, neovascularization, the hallmark of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) occurs, and blindness can result from relentless abnormal fibrovascular proliferation with subsequent bleeding and retinal detachment. Macular oedema is another retinal complication of diabetes that is responsible for a major part of vision loss, particularly in type 2 diabetes. The breakdown of the blood retinal barrier and the consequent vascular leakage and thickening of retina are the main events involved in its pathogenesis. Although a tight control of both blood glucose levels and hypertension are essential to prevent or arrest progression of the disease, the recommended goals are difficult to achieve in many patients. Laser photocoagulation treatment soon after the onset of PDR significantly reduces the incidence of severe vision loss. However, the optimal timing for laser treatment is frequently passed and, in addition, it is not uniformly successful in halting visual decline. For all these reasons, new pharmacological treatments based on the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy have been developed in recent years. There is mounting evidence to suggest that angiogenic factors play a crucial role in PDR development, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) being the most relevant. Other growth factors or cytokines such as insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), pro-inflammatory cytokines and angiopoetins, are also involved in the pathogenesis of PDR. However, the intraocular synthesis of angiogenic factors is counterbalanced by the synthesis of antiangiogenic factors. Therefore, the balance between the angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors rather than angiogenic factors themselves will be crucial in determining the progression of PDR. The main antiangiogenic factor is the pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) but the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), thrombospondin (TSP) and somatostatin are also among the intraocullary synthesized antiangiogenic factors.

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Section: Antiangiogenic Factorssupporting

confidence: 39%

Angiogenic and Antiangiogenic Factors in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Simó

Carrasco²,

Garcia-Ramírez³

et al. 2006

CDR

328

236

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The active form of kininogen may be involved in the hyaloid vessel regression, while the presence of FGF-22 and hepatoma-derived growth factor may be important in supporting and maintaining the development of the retinal vascularization, which occurred at the same time as hyaloid vascular system regression. These results support previous findings12–17 regarding the anti-angiogenic ability of the vitreous humor and vitreous extracts in the regression of the tunica vasculosa lentis, and the presence of a substance inhibitory to neovascularization in the vitreous is also supported.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Proteomic Analysis of the Hyaloid Vascular System Regression during Ocular Development

et al. 2008

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We describe a simple proteomic approach to investigate the differential protein expression patterns and identify the physiologically relevant angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors involved in the hyaloid vascular system regression. Differentially-expressed proteins were identified using twodimensional gel electrophoresis followed by nano-flow chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. These proteins are expected to provide insight as to their function in the early maintenance and eventual regression of the hyaloid vascular system.

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“…Brem et al17 later reported that intrastromal implantation of rabbit vitreous in a slow release poly¬ mer, between a V-2 carcinoma pellet and the limbus, inhibited blood vessel growth in the rabbit cornea. Feiton et al, 18 reported that both bovine and human vitreous inhibited tumorinduced neovascularization using the rabbit cornea model described above. Purified extracts of mammalian reti¬ na have been shown to stimulate angiogenesis and vascular endothelial cell growth.19·20 The activity of this retina-derived angiogenic substance has recently been shown to be inhib¬ ited by bovine vitreous.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 48%