Vitreous Hemorrhage in Children

Ocular pathology in shaken baby syndrome and other forms of infantile non-accidental head injury

“…Amongst these, there have been reports on perimacular retinal folds and hemorrhagic macular retinoschisis, both of which are considered highly specific for SBS [9,28,37,51,77]. Another relatively common finding is hemorrhaging into the vitreous: one study found that in patients younger than 18 years of age with vitreous hemorrhage, manifest or occult trauma accounted for 73.1% and SBS was the cause in 50% of the bilateral cases [110]. Other findings include macular holes with or without RH [4,94], intrascleral hemorrhages [28], retinal and vitreous detachment [10,120], hemorrhages in orbital fat and extraocular muscles [123], complex findings simulating congenital glaucoma Fig.…”

Rare retinal haemorrhages in translational accidental head trauma in children

“…In fact, manifest and occult traumas (shaken baby syndrome and birth trauma) have shown to be the most common aetiology of paediatric vitreous haemorrhage. 25 Traumatic causes, such as non-penetrating trauma, penetrating trauma, shaken baby syndrome, postocular surgery, and birth trauma accounted for almost three quarters of all paediatric patients with vitreous haemorrhages.…”

Bilateral vitreous hemorrhage in a child due to isolated platelet factor 3 availability defect

“…Trauma, either manifest or occult, followed by spontaneous hemorrhage are the two most common etiologies of intravitreal hemorrhage in the pediatric population. 1 Child abuse, or shaken baby syndrome, is an important differential diagnosis when considering bilateral vitreous hemorrhage in young children, as it accounts for over 50% of such cases. 1 Retinal hemorrhages are found in up to 95% of patients with shaken baby syndrome.…”

“…1 Child abuse, or shaken baby syndrome, is an important differential diagnosis when considering bilateral vitreous hemorrhage in young children, as it accounts for over 50% of such cases. 1 Retinal hemorrhages are found in up to 95% of patients with shaken baby syndrome. 2 One limitation of this study was that a skeletal survey was not conducted to completely rule out shaken baby syndrome, but it is unlikely considering absence of any other evidence of physical abuse along with a thoroughly investigated negative history of parental misconduct.…”