Vitamins B ₁₂ , B ₆ , and folic acid for cognition in older men

Abstract

This study provides Class I evidence that vitamin supplementation with daily doses of 500 μg [DOSAGE ERROR CORRECTED] of B(12), 2 mg of folic acid, and 25 mg of B(6) over 2 years does not improve cognitive function in hypertensive men aged 75 and older.

Effect of B Vitamins and Lowering Homocysteine on Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Previous Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack

“…Despite the above limitations, our results in patients with previous stroke are consistent with other randomized trials of homocysteine-lowering treatment for cognitive decline among cognitively unimpaired and impaired older people without stroke (Figure). [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Furthermore, our results more than double the current database, adding data from 2214 patients to a previous pool of 721 cognitively unimpaired patients and 481 patients to a previous pool of 854 cognitively impaired patients, and thereby substantially increase the precision of the estimate of the effect of B-vitamins on cognitive function as measured by the MMSE.…”

“…Randomized trials of the effect of lowering tHcy with B-vitamins (folic acid, B12 and, to a lesser extent, B6) on cognitive decline minimize confounding and reverse causality but have produced conflicting or equivocal results. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] The 2 trials that reported a benefit from lowering tHcy did so in subjects with elevated tHcy. 19,27 In view of the uncertainty of the effect of lowering tHcy with B-vitamins on cognition, we aimed to assess, in a prespecified study, whether B-vitamin treatment would reduce the incidence of new cognitive impairment among cognitively unimpaired individuals with recent stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) of the brain enrolled in the VITAmins TO Prevent Stroke (VITATOPS) trial, 29,30 and whether the effect of B-vitamins on cognitive function may be augmented in, or limited to, participants with elevated tHcy.…”

Prevention of Vascular Cognitive Impairment

“…However, several RCTs have failed to show any obvious benefits of Hcy-lowering therapy on cognitive performance. 213,214,215 This might relate to limitations in study design such as the inclusion of subjects with normal Hcy levels 308 and too short follow-up (Table 2). Also, there are no trials with AD or VaD as an endpoint.…”

Nutrient biomarker patterns, cognitive function, and MRI measures of brain aging

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Despite studies in favor of a single or a few nutrients in the prevention of AD, the translation to formal clinical trials testing vitamin E, B vitamins, or docosahexaenoic acid have been disappointing. [8][9][10][11][12] Given the interactive nature of nutrient action and metabolism, it is not surprising that a single or few nutrient approaches for neurodegenerative disease are tenuous. [13][14][15] These results impart the rationale for novel methodologic approaches that appreciate the interactive features of nutrients and model their collective influence in the promotion of brain health.…”