Prevention of Vascular Cognitive Impairment

Dichgans, Martin; Zietemann, Vera

doi:10.1161/strokeaha.112.651778

Cited by 94 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…35 Subclinical cerebrovascular damage may also contribute to cognitive decline. 36,37 Sleep disruption is linked to vascular risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus, 38 which may indirectly contribute to sleep-related cognitive impairment. Sleep disruption as seen in SDB and long sleep duration are also linked to subclinical vascular disease (i.e., white matter disease).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep disturbances and cognitive decline in the Northern Manhattan Study

et al. 2016

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Objective: To examine frequent snoring, sleepiness, and sleep duration with baseline and longitudinal performance on neuropsychological (NP) battery. Methods:The analysis consists of 711 participants of the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS) with sleep data and NP assessment (age 63 6 8 years, 62% women, 18% white, 17% black, 67% Hispanic) and 687 with repeat NP testing (at a mean of 6 6 2 years). The main exposures were snoring, sleepiness, and sleep duration obtained during annual follow-up. Using factor analysis-derived domain-specific Z scores for episodic memory, language, executive function, and processing speed, we constructed multivariable regression models to evaluate sleep symptoms with baseline NP performance and change in performance in each NP domain.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep disturbances and cognitive decline in the Northern Manhattan Study

et al. 2016

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“…These proteins are associated with Alzheimer’s disease, which is the leading cause of dementia [107]. Vascular injury is the second most common cause of dementia and vascular cognitive impairments can range from mild cognitive impairment to severe vascular dementia [108]. …”

Section: The Effects Of Obesity On Dementia and Cognitive Declinementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Obesity on the Cerebral Vasculature

Dorrance¹,

Matin²,

Pires³

2014

CVP

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The incidence of obesity in the population is increasing at an alarming rate, with this comes an increased risk of insulin resistance (IR). Obesity and IR increase an individual’s risk of having a stroke and they have been linked to several forms of dementia. Stroke and dementia are associated with, or exacerbated by, reduced cerebral blood flow, which has recently been described in obese patients. In this review we will discuss the effects of obesity on cerebral artery function and structure. Regarding their function, we will focus on the endothelium and nitric oxide (NO) dependent dilation. NO dependent dilation is impaired in cerebral arteries from obese rats, and the majority of evidence suggests this is a result of increased oxidative stress. We will also describe the limited studies showing that inward cerebral artery remodeling occurs in models of obesity, and that the remodeling is associated with an increase in the damage caused by cerebral ischemia. We will also discuss some of the more paradoxical findings associated with stroke and obesity, including the evidence that obesity is a positive factor for stroke survival. Finally we will discuss the evidence that links these changes in vascular structure and function to cognitive decline and dementia.

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“…VCI encompasses numerous conditions from vascular dementia (VaD) to mild cognitive impairment of vascular origin (5). Clinical studies have reported that cerebral hypoperfusion associated with cognitive dysfunctions has been identified in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in patients with VaD (6,7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bushen Huoxue decoction improves cognitive decline in rats with cerebral hypoperfusion

et al. 2014

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Abstract. Cerebral hypoperfusion is a common feature of vascular dementia and has recently been recognized to contribute to the progression of cognitive decline. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Bushen Huoxue decoction (BHD), a two-herb Chinese Medicine, on cognitive impairment in a rat model of cerebral hypoperfusion induced by permanent occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries (2VO). The results demonstrated that BHD significantly attenuated learning and spatial memory deficits in the Morris water maze test in a dose-dependent manner. Transmission electron microscopy observation revealed that the reduction of synapse density in hippocampal CA1 and cortex parietal isolated from rats with 2VO was partially restored by BHD treatment. In addition, the expression levels of a number of antioxidants, including superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), glutathine and glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1) increased, whereas malondialdehyde decreased in the hippocampi of rats with 2VO following BHD treatment. Polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis further confirmed that the GPx-1 and CAT expression increased in the BHD treatment group. In conclusion the results suggested that BHD has therapeutic potential to treat vascular dementia, which may be associated with synapse density and anti-oxidant activities in the hippocampus.

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Prevention of Vascular Cognitive Impairment

Cited by 94 publications

References 98 publications

Sleep disturbances and cognitive decline in the Northern Manhattan Study

Sleep disturbances and cognitive decline in the Northern Manhattan Study

The Effects of Obesity on the Cerebral Vasculature

Bushen Huoxue decoction improves cognitive decline in rats with cerebral hypoperfusion

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