Vitamin Requirements of Nursing Young

Sure, Barnett; Schilling, Stephan; Walker, Dorothy J.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1928.01920230061007

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…In nursing young of mother rats which during pregnancy and lactation were kept on a diet with an apparently suboptimal content of the vitamin B complex, present as wheat germ or yeast, Sure and Schilling (19) and Moore, Brodie and Hope (20) have reported, in addition to paralytic conditions, hemorrhages in the osteogenetic tissues and also, with far less regularity, in the subcutis (petechiae) and in the internal organs. Blood findings and histological bone marrow examinations were not reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Panmyelophthisis With Hemorrhagic Manifestations in Rats on a Nutritional Basis

György

Goldblatt

Miller

et al. 1937

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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During the 12 months ending May, 1937, 72 rats were observed that manifested typical symptoms of panmyelophthisis. The disease may start as agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia or pure red cell anemia, leading progressively, often rapidly, to aleukia hemorrhagica with its typical manifestations (epistaxis, melena, hematuria, purpura). Blood examinations revealed correspondingly low white cell, red cell and platelet counts with very pronounced granulocytopenia (0 to 4 per cent). Bone marrow smears and histological findings were consistent with the diagnosis of panmyelophthisis. Suprarenal hemorrhage was a frequent postmortem finding. The pathogenesis of this experimental panmyelophthisis and this hemorrhagic diathesis is confined to special nutritional conditions. These diseases have been observed by us in rats kept on a diet deficient in vitamin B6, containing cane sugar and supplemented with vitamin B1 and crystalline natural or synthetic lactoflavin. Lack of vitamin B6, however, is not a necessary condition, since the disease was encountered in the majority of the animals after the specific deficiency disease which became apparent in rats kept on the B6 free diet was successfully treated with purified B6 preparations. Even in the untreated animals kept on the B6 deficient diet acrodynia was, as a rule, in distinct remission before symptoms of panmyelophthisis and hemorrhagic diathesis became manifest. By means of the addition of Peters' eluate to the basal diet, panmyelophthisis could be prevented and, in animals where it was recognized in an early stage, cured. In view of these facts it is suggested that Peters' eluate contains a specific maturation factor for the primary blood-producing tissue, the reticulo-endothelium, a factor which, being different from lactoflavin, vitamin B6 and probably also from the so called filtrate factor, constitutes another distinct component of the vitamin B2 group. Bacteriological studies brought forward no conclusive positive evidence for the infectious etiology of the experimental panmyelophthisis in our rats. The possible relation of this new disease in rats to aleukia hemorrhagica and its partial manifestations in man, as well as to the so called Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, is discussed. Administration of amidopyrine, at least under the conditions chosen, failed to provoke panmyelophthisis in rats kept on the same diet as that given to rats in which the disease spontaneously developed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Panmyelophthisis With Hemorrhagic Manifestations in Rats on a Nutritional Basis

György

Goldblatt

Miller

et al. 1937

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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Review of Recent Studies on the Antineuritic Vitamin

Kruse¹

1932

JAMA

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For more than a decade the antineuritic principle has been designated as vitamin B, but developments of the past two years have imparted to the latter term an ambiguity that has led to much perplexity. Not only is the chemical nature of vitamin B still unknown, but just what should be included under the term has become largely a matter of individual preference or persuasion. It is not without interest to trace the varied changes which the concept of this vitamin has undergone. What was originally the antineuritic substance of Eijkman and Funk,1 which was a specific for the cure of polyneuritis in pigeons, and what was the independently discovered water-soluble B of McCollum,2 which was demonstrated to be necessary for growth in the rat, became merged into the substance vitamin B,3 following the demonstration that those natural foods curing polyneuritis likewise promoted growth in animals.4 Thus vitamin B was regarded as one substance, capable of both preventing polyneuritis and furthering growth. But the simplicity of the view was dispelled by convincing evidence that this vitamin actually comprised at least two substances, differentiated on the basis of sensitivity to heat.5 After a period of utmost confusion in terminology, agreement was finally reached in this country e by designating the antineuritic, thermolabile component as vitamin B, and the antidermatitis,7 thermostable substance as vitamin G. The British, preferring the subscript system, retained the names Bj and B, for the respective fractions. As the result of this insight into the multiple nature of water-soluble B, there was no longer a water-soluble B growth factor per se; both components, B and G, were deemed necessary for increase of weight in rats.At once it was appreciated that much of the vast accumulation of facts concerning the distribution, properties and physiologic behavior of vitamin B, recorded when it was held to be a unit substance, would have to be exhumed and reexamined in the light of its dual nature. For the production of uncomplicated vitamin B deficiency, the method now usually involved inclusion of autoclaved yeast as a source of vitamin G in the basal diet. But the provision of vitamin B alone was not so readily achieved because of its instability to heat and because so relatively few foodstuffs contained it to the exclusion of vitamin G. However, by suitable selection of such grains as wheat and corn, which were found to be relatively richer in B than in G, and by taking advantage of the greater solubility of B in strong alcohol, extracts were prepared containing predominantly the B component. With the perfection of this technic, investigations on vitamin B were renewed with an intensity that even yet has only slightly abated. But new complications appeared with the use of moderately refined concentrates of vitamin B, because these products, while curing polyneuritis, very often would not support growth, even when supplemented with a source of vitamin G. So, almost before the novelty of the dual nature of the B complex had wo...

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Die Bedeutung der Vitaminlehre mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Kinderheilkunde

Frank¹

1930

Ergebnisse Der Inneren Medizin Und Kinderheilkunde

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Vitamin Requirements of Nursing Young

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Panmyelophthisis With Hemorrhagic Manifestations in Rats on a Nutritional Basis

Panmyelophthisis With Hemorrhagic Manifestations in Rats on a Nutritional Basis

Review of Recent Studies on the Antineuritic Vitamin

Die Bedeutung der Vitaminlehre mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Kinderheilkunde

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