“…Ice‐cold PBS (0.5 ml × 3) was instilled into the lungs, and BAL fluid was collected. BAL fluid total and differential cell counts (Figure 4b) were determined as described in a blinded manner (Bao et al, 2009; Peh et al, 2017). BAL fluid supernatants were analysed for cytokines including TNF‐α (BD Biosciences), IL‐1β (BD Biosciences), IL‐17A (R&D Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, MN), IL‐27 p28 (R&D Systems, Inc.), KC (R&D Systems, Inc.) and IL‐36γ (MyBioSource, Inc., San Diego, CA), and oxidative damage markers 8‐isoprostane and 8‐OHdG (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI), using sandwich elisa .…”