Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

Abstract

Hypertension is the most common medical disorder in pregnancy, and a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Vitamin D endocrine system has important influence on immune modulation and endothelial function, which play a role in preeclampsia (PE) and gestational hypertension (GH). Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is present in a large variety of cell types, including placental cells. We examined whether there is an association between VDR polymorphisms (FokI, ApaI and BsmI) with PE or with GH. Restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques were used to genotype 529 pregnant (154 with GH, 162 with PE, and 213 healthy pregnant-HP). VDR haplotype frequencies were inferred using the PHASE 2.1 program. We found similar genotype distributions for the three VDR polymorphisms in both PE and GH groups compared with the HP group (all P [ 0.05). In parallel with these findings, the VDR haplotype frequency distribution was similar in both PE and GH groups compared with the HP group (all P [ 0.05). Our results showing no significant association between VDR polymorphisms or haplotypes with PE or GH suggest that genetic variations in VDR do not predispose to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

The effect of VDR gene polymorphisms and vitamin D level on blood pressure, risk of preeclampsia, gestational age, and body mass index

“…A strong association between the common VDR polymorphisms of FokI and BsmI and the hypertension risk outside pregnancy have been detected. 11 The C allele of VDR FokI polymorphism (restriction site absent, ACG) lacks the first ATG, and translation starts at the second ATG, producing a shorter VDR protein by 3 amino acids compared with T allele that starts at the first ATG. 10 In mice, knock out of either the VDR or the 1 α-hydroxylase gene, which converts 25 (OH)-D to 1, 25 (OH)2-D, upregulates the RAS activity and induces hypertension.…”

“…For effective interaction of VDR with DNA, the receptor requires heterodimerization with auxiliary proteins known as the retinoid-X receptors. 11 The aims of the current study were to investigate the frequency of VDR FokI, TaqI, and BmsI polymorphisms and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25 (OH)-D) levels in preeclamptic patients compared with healthy individuals in a population from Western Iran to find the possible influence of VDR gene variants and vitamin D level on the risk of preeclampsia and maternal factors. There are frequent single nucleotide polymorphisms in the VDR gene.…”

Lack of an Association Between Vitamin D Receptor BsmI Gene Polymorphism and the Risk of End-Stage Renal Disease: A Meta-Analysis

“…Third, VDR BsmI gene polymorphism demonstrates inconsistent relationships with various causes of ESRD. For example, Rezende et al (25) reported that no significant associations existed between VDR BsmI gene polymorphism and the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Vedralová et al (26) reported that VDR BsmI gene polymorphism is not associated with the risk diabetic nephropathy, whereas the BBFFAATt combination of the VDR gene is more frequent in diabetic patients than in In our investigation, only one study by Tripathi et al (13) showed that VDR BsmI gene polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to ESRD.…”

Relationship between preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms

“…Of these, our inclusion criteria for analysis were: case-controlled studies of the association between VDR gene polymorphisms and preeclampsia or gestational hypertension; the genotype frequencies of each polymorphism in cases and controls were provided; genotype distributions in control groups were confirmed using HardyWeinberg equilibrium (HWE) testing; and publication in the English language. One paper met our criteria; Rezende et al [2] compared VDR genetic polymorphisms in preeclampsia and gestational hypertension groups with those in a healthy pregnancy group. It was found that VDR genetic polymorphisms did not predispose to preeclampsia or gestational hypertension.…”