Vitamin D protects against depression: Evidence from an umbrella meta-analysis on interventional and observational meta-analyses

Musazadeh, Vali; Keramati, Majid; Ghalichi, Faezeh; Kavyani, Zeynab; Ghoreishi, Zohreh; Alras, Kamar Allayl; Albadawi, Naryman Ismail; Salem, Abdullah; Albadawi, Mohamed Ismail; Salem, Raghad Hany; Abu‐Zaid, Ahmed; Zarezadeh, Meysam; Mekary, Rania A.

doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106605

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Our findings may clarify evidence found in clinical trials for the effect of vitamin D supplementation on depression. While recent meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation have found evidence for reductions in depression and depressive symptoms [11][12][13] , the VITAL trial did not observe any reduction in risk 14 . However, few individuals in the VITAL trial had deficient levels of vitamin D. Additionally, VITAL trial participants were allowed to continue taking low dose vitamin D supplements, even if they were assigned to the placebo arm of the trial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Randomized controlled trials examining the impact of vitamin D supplements as a treatment for chronic pain conditions such as fibromyalgia are limited in size and quality 8,9 . In contrast, systematic reviews of randomized trials for depression 10 , depressive symptoms 11,12 , and negative emotions 13 have indicated beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation, although no evidence for an effect was observed in the large Vitamin D and Omega-3 Trial (VITAL) 14 . Inverse associations have also been observed in observational epidemiological studies [15][16][17] , although such investigations are vulnerable to bias from confounding and reverse causality: individuals with depression could have low vitamin D levels due to spending less time outdoors or changes in appetite and diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Vitamin D, chronic pain, and depression: linear and non-linear Mendelian randomization analyses

Bassett

Gjekmarkaj

Mason

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to various chronic pain conditions. However, randomized trials of vitamin D supplementation have had mixed results. In contrast, systematic reviews of randomized trials indicate a protective effect of vitamin D supplementation on depression. We undertake a Mendelian randomization investigation in UK Biobank, a study of UK residents aged 40-65 at recruitment. We perform linear and non-linear Mendelian randomization analyses for four outcomes: fibromyalgia, clinical fatigue, chronic widespread pain, and probable lifetime major depression. We use genetic variants from four gene regions with known links to vitamin D biology as instruments. In linear analyses, genetically-predicted levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], a clinical marker of vitamin D status, were not associated with fibromyalgia (odds ratio [OR] per 10 nmol/L higher 25(OH)D 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.93, 1.12), clinical fatigue (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.94, 1.05), chronic widespread pain (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.89, 1.02), or probable lifetime major depression (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.93, 1.01). In non-linear analyses, an association was observed between genetically-predicted 25(OH)D levels and depression in the quintile of the population with the lowest 25(OH)D levels (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.64, 0.94); associations were null in other strata. Our findings suggest that population-wide vitamin D supplementation will not substantially reduce pain or depression; however, targeted supplementation of deficient individuals may reduce risk of depression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Vitamin D, chronic pain, and depression: linear and non-linear Mendelian randomization analyses

Bassett

Gjekmarkaj

Mason

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A diet that increases the intake of fresh vegetables, whole grains, low‐fat dairy products, and lean protein and decreases the intake of processed and high‐fat foods is desirable in the treatment of depression 67 . In a review of the association between vitamin D and depressive symptoms, vitamin D intake significantly reduced depressive symptoms 68 . In depressed patients taking antidepressants, supplementation with L‐methylfolate reduced depressive symptoms 69 .…”

Section: Rehabilitation Nutrition For Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological aspects of rehabilitation nutrition: A position paper by the Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Nutrition (secondary publication)

Wakabayashi,

Mori,

Nishioka

et al. 2023

J of Gen and Family Med

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Psychological aspects of rehabilitation nutrition affect physical, cognitive, and social rehabilitation nutrition. When depression is recognized, not only pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, but also non‐pharmacological therapies such as exercise, nutrition, psychosocial, and other interventions can be expected to improve depression. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and intervention without overlooking depression is important. Psychological aspects of preventive rehabilitation nutrition is also important because depression can be partially prevented by appropriate exercise and nutritional management. Even in the absence of psychological negatives, increasing more psychological positives from a positive psychology perspective can be useful for both patients and healthcare professionals. Positive rehabilitation nutrition interventions can increase more psychological positives, such as well‐being, through cognitive‐behavioral therapy and mindfulness on their own, as well as through interventions on environmental factors. Consequently, physical, cognitive, and social positives are also expected to be enhanced.

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“…In another study, over 8 weeks with a VitD supplementation over the first four weeks of 980 IU/kg body weight (BW) corresponding to a daily dose of 140 IU/kg BW (maximum 68,600 IU/week) and in the second 4-week period with 490 IU/kg BW [daily dose 70 IU/kg BW (maximum 34,300 IU/week)], mean s25(OH)D values of 55 ng/mL were reached. There was a reduction in opportunistic pathogens and increased bacterial abundance [163].…”

Section: Target For Vitd Supplementation: Containment Of Low-grade In...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple sclerosis with comorbidity depression and its association with vitamin D deficiency in a narrative review of the current literature

Goischke

2023

Explor Neurosci

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Over the past decade, knowledge of the pathophysiology and immunology of multiple sclerosis (MS) and depression, and the complex links to vitamin D (VitD) balance, has increased rapidly. Both diseases are characterized by an imbalance of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines, increased serum neurofilament light chains (sNfLs), disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), abolition of the physiological function of the various types of microglia (MG), decreased calcidiol-serum levels, and disorders of the gut microbiome in combination with hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis/microbiome-gut-brain-axis characterized. In depression, stress initiates cellular and molecular changes in the brain via increased cortisol release in the HPA-axis. Microglial activation and neuronal damage as well as dysregulation of neuroplastic and neurotrophic factors complete the spectrum of pathological damage. It is shown that gut dysbiosis leads to increased gut permeability, which favors endotoxemia and ultimately paves the way to systemic inflammation. A VitD supplementation could restore the balance of microorganisms in the intestine and reduce the inflammatory processes at various levels. VitD promotes regulatory T cell (Treg) proliferation, inhibits the expression of T helper 1 (Th1) cells and Th17 immune cells, and inhibits proinflammatory interleukin-17 (IL-17). 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] reduces also the secretion of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Increased calcitriol levels lead to a reduction in MG activation, oxidative stress, and lower BBB permeability. An early, permanent, daily sufficient VitD supplementation as an add-on therapy under control of the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [s25(OH)D] levels is an essential therapeutic tool to slow down the disability caused by MS and thereby primarily prevent or reduce the stress and subsequently the manifestation of depression. Through the future continuous measurement of the biomarkers serum neurofilament ligth chains and glial fibrillary acidic proteins as well as the s25(OH)D level in MS and comorbidity depression, future therapy successes or failures can be avoided.

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Vitamin D protects against depression: Evidence from an umbrella meta-analysis on interventional and observational meta-analyses

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

Vitamin D, chronic pain, and depression: linear and non-linear Mendelian randomization analyses

Vitamin D, chronic pain, and depression: linear and non-linear Mendelian randomization analyses

Psychological aspects of rehabilitation nutrition: A position paper by the Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Nutrition (secondary publication)

Multiple sclerosis with comorbidity depression and its association with vitamin D deficiency in a narrative review of the current literature

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