Vitamin D in adolescence: evidence-based dietary requirements and implications for public health policy

Smith, Taryn J; Tripkovic, Laura; Lanham-New, Susan A; Hart, Kathryn

doi:10.1017/s0029665117004104

Cited by 12 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(158 reference statements)

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“…Our study is not without limitations. We did not report nutritional data, and dietary factors, particularly calcium and vitamin D intake, are influential for bone mass acquisition (Smith et al 2017). However, such dietary factors might not be determinant in childhood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Non‐osteogenic muscle hypertrophy in children with McArdle disease

Rodríguez-Gómez

Santalla

Díez‐Bermejo

et al. 2018

J of Inher Metab Disea

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Non‐osteogenic muscle hypertrophy in children with McArdle disease

Rodríguez-Gómez

Santalla

Díez‐Bermejo

et al. 2018

J of Inher Metab Disea

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“…The source of vitamin D can be either synthesized in the human skin after exposure to ultraviolet sunlight (Bendik et al 2014) or obtained from very few foods such as fatty fish, cod liver oils, beef liver, and eggs (Smith et al 2017).…”

Section: The Source Of Vitamin Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micronutrients and many important factors that affect the physiological functions of toll-like receptors

2019

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Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are type I integral transmembrane receptors involved in recognition and conveying of pathogens to the immune system. These receptors are located either on cell surfaces or within endosomes. They are activated by specific ligand leading to the release of cytokines via signal transduction pathway. The excess production of these cytokines leads to disrupt the immune homeostasis. There are several factors regulating TLR expression and consequently affecting their functions. Among these are inflammation, cytokines, some cellular process, air pollution, depression, stress, some drugs, genetic polymorphism, nutrition, and micronutrients. Some micronutrients (vitamins and trace elements) may be considered as important TLR regulators, as they have immunomodulatory functions. Vitamins D, B12, and A; zinc; copper; and iron have important role on innate immune responses. Aim of work: This review gives a brief idea on TLR family and attempts to cover the factors affecting the physiological functions of them. Conclusion: Of many factors affecting TLRs functions are micronutrients. There is a shortage of researches concerning the effect of micronutrients deficiency on the function of TLRs, all of which focused on vitamin D but other vitamins have not got the same importance that they deserve. This orients our efforts to work at this point in the future.

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“…Vitamins B 6 and B 12 , as well as folic acid, are necessary for protein and nucleic acid synthesis, and vitamins A, C, D, and E participate in the development of new cells and bone mineralization. 16,17 The most effective way to avoid vitamin deficit is the consumption of a varied diet, including several servings of each of the four main food groups: meat and fish, milk and dairy products, cereals and legumes, and fruits and vegetables. Other recommendations are as follows: make three or more meals a day, control the amount of salt, and avoid alcohol, which can increase the requirements.…”

Section: Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent Feeding: Nutritional Risk Factors

Carrasco-Luna

Gombert

Carrasco-García

et al. 2018

JCS

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The aim of this review is to describe adolescent nutritional requirements from a scientific, nutritional, and psychosocial point of view, emphasizing the main risks of malnutrition at this age. Currently, too many teenagers are alone at home and prepare their own meals. The influence of friends replaces parental rules. The habits of adolescents are characterized by a tendency to skip meals, especially breakfast, and, less frequently, the midday meal; to purchase carry-out meals away from home; to consume snacks, especially sweets; to eat at fast food restaurants, almost always with high-calorie content; and to eat fried foods, soft drinks, and sweets. Toxic habits, such as smoking, alcohol, and drugs, interfere with a healthy diet, as well. Physical activity usually decreases during adolescence, particularly in girls. The lack of physical activity is due to a precarious knowledge of the benefits associated with practicing physical activity, low motivation, time constraints, and, in many cases, the lack of adequate facilities. Adolescents interested in a body image in accordance with modern ideals follow restrictive and unbalanced diets without any nutritional basis, which they themselves planned. These behaviors increase the risk of nutritional alterations, such as noncompliance with nutritional requirements, meal pattern irregularities, nutritional problems due to low nutrient intake, and self-esteem issues and frustration. In general, in this age group, there is an increase in protein consumption and salt content, often with a supply of unbalanced nutrients, high-fat diets (35–50% of total calories), and low polyunsaturated/saturated fat ratio. In addition, adolescents consume a low level of complex carbohydrates, fiber, fruits, and vegetables.

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Vitamin D in adolescence: evidence-based dietary requirements and implications for public health policy

Abstract: Vitamin D is a unique nutrient. Firstly, it acts as a pro-hormone and secondly, the requirement for 2 vitamin D can be met by both endogenous synthesis from sunlight and by dietary sources. This

Cited by 12 publications

References 81 publications

Non‐osteogenic muscle hypertrophy in children with McArdle disease

Non‐osteogenic muscle hypertrophy in children with McArdle disease

Micronutrients and many important factors that affect the physiological functions of toll-like receptors

Adolescent Feeding: Nutritional Risk Factors

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