Vitamin D improves sunburns by increasing autophagy in M2 macrophages

Das, Lopamudra; Binko, Amy M.; Traylor, Zachary; Han, Pei; Lu, Kurt Q.

doi:10.1080/15548627.2019.1569298

Cited by 80 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Studies indicate that oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of skin aging, because it can seriously impair the mitochondrial function, which in turn promotes excessive generation of ROS to accelerate the senescence process (Harman, 1992;Chen et al, 2014;Cavinato and Jansen-Durr, 2017). It is well known that the skin barrier integrity can be impaired by solar UV rays and ROS, and excess exposure to UV radiation contributes to acute skin damage including epidermal injury (Kim, 2016;Reelfs et al, 2016;Das et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caffeine Targets SIRT3 to Enhance SOD2 Activity in Mitochondria

Gan

Gao

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Caffeine is chemically stable and not readily oxidized under normal physiological conditions but also has antioxidant effects, although the underlying molecular mechanism is not well understood. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) 2 is a manganesecontaining enzyme located in mitochondria that protects cells against oxidative stress by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). SOD2 activity is inhibited through acetylation under conditions of stress such as exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is the major mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +)-dependent deacetylase, which deacetylates two critical lysine residues (lysine 68 and lysine 122) on SOD2 and promotes its antioxidative activity. In this study, we investigated whether the antioxidant effect of caffeine involves modulation of SOD2 by SIRT3 using in vitro and in vivo models. The results show that caffeine interacts with SIRT3 and promotes direct binding of SIRT3 with its substrate, thereby enhancing its enzymatic activity. Mechanistically, caffeine bound to SIRT3 with high affinity (K D = 6.858 × 10 −7 M); the binding affinity between SIRT3 and its substrate acetylated p53 was also 9.03 (without NAD +) or 6.87 (with NAD +) times higher in the presence of caffeine. Caffeine effectively protected skin cells from UV irradiation-induced oxidative stress. More importantly, caffeine enhanced SIRT3 activity and reduced SOD2 acetylation, thereby leading to increased SOD2 activity, which could be reversed by treatment with the SIRT3 inhibitor 3-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl) pyridine (3-TYP) in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our results show that caffeine targets SIRT3 to enhance SOD2 activity and protect skin cells from UV irradiation-induced oxidative stress. Thus, caffeine, as a small-molecule SIRT3 activator, could be a potential agent to protect human skin against UV radiation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caffeine Targets SIRT3 to Enhance SOD2 Activity in Mitochondria

Gan

Gao

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…Relevantly, vitamin D receptor (VDR) agonists could switch the immune system cell balance from Th1 to Th2 dominance while counteracting CXCL10 production and release by different cell types 29 . Increased expression of arginase 1 (ARG 1), an anti-inflammatory-specific gene has been linked to allergic airway inflammation and asthma 35 and vitamin D-mediated inflammation inhibition 36 . ARG1 is an important effector molecule for granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (G-MDSCs) which maintain maternal-fetal tolerance during pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-pregnancy transcriptome signatures of preeclampsia: from peripheral blood to placenta

Yadama

Maiorino

Carey

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Several studies have linked maternal asthma, excess BMI, and low vitamin D status with increased risk of Preeclampsia (PE) development. Given prior evidence in the literature and our observations from the subjects in the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART), we hypothesized that PE, maternal asthma, vitamin D insufficiency, and excess body mass index (BMI) might share both peripheral blood and placental gene signatures that link these conditions together. We used samples collected in the VDAART to investigate relationships between these four conditions and gene expression patterns in peripheral blood obtained at early pregnancy. We identified a core set of differentially expressed genes in all comparisons between women with and without these four conditions and confirmed them in two separate sets of samples. We confirmed the differential expression of the shared gene signatures in the placenta from an independent study of preeclampsia cases and controls and constructed the preeclampsia module using protein–protein interaction networks. CXC chemokine genes showed the highest degrees of connectivity and betweenness centrality in the peripheral blood and placental modules. The shared gene signatures demonstrate the biological pathways involved in preeclampsia at the pre-clinical stage and may be used for the prediction of preeclampsia.

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“…Mechanistically, vitamin D signaling activated M2-autophagy regulators Kruppel like factor 4 (KLF4), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG), and arginase 1. Analysis of UV-exposed human skin biopsies detected a similar increase in macrophage autophagy following vitamin D intervention, identifying an essential role for autophagy in vitamin D-mediated protection of skin from UV damage [25]. • Sunscreens: Sunscreens represent a practical approach to photoprotection for skin.…”

Section: Sunburn Home Remedies and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sunscreen and Suntan Preparations

2019

ARC Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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BACKGROUND Ra (Re) was the primary name of the sun god of Ancient Egypt. According to Osiris myth, Nut, the mother of Osiris swallowed the setting sun (Ra) each evening and gave birth to him each morning. The Ancient Egyptians were well aware of the dangers of the sun. Their lands were scorched with heat. Women protected their skin, preferring light skin to dark in their cultural hierarchy of beauty. Recent discoveries written on papyri and the walls of several tombs unearthed ingredients and formulations in use in Ancient Egypt specifically addressing issues of sun damage to the hair and skin. Also, a brief historical review manifests the following interesting things indeed: ▪ Jasmin was used to heal the sun-damaged skin. Recent evidence reveals that Jasmin aids in DNA repair at the cellular level. ▪ Aloe was used to heal sun-damaged skin. ▪ Olive oil was used as a hydrating oil for both skin and hair damaged by overexposure to the sunlight. ▪ Almond oil was applied before and after sun exposure to hydrate the sun-damaged skin, improving elasticity and texture. ▪ Rice bran extracts were used in sunscreen preparations. Today, gamma oryzanol extracted from rice bran has UV absorbing properties. ▪ kohl (to darken eyes in order to combat sunlight impairment to the retina in the glare of the desert sun), red ochre (to redden and impart a rosy glow in women's makeup mimicking the effect of the sun on the skin), and henna oil (to dye the lips and nails, darken the color of the hair and skin, and protect light skin from the sun). Today, henna is one of the most widely used natural sunscreen with both UVA and UVB protection.

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Vitamin D improves sunburns by increasing autophagy in M2 macrophages

Cited by 80 publications

References 45 publications

Caffeine Targets SIRT3 to Enhance SOD2 Activity in Mitochondria

Caffeine Targets SIRT3 to Enhance SOD2 Activity in Mitochondria

Early-pregnancy transcriptome signatures of preeclampsia: from peripheral blood to placenta

Sunscreen and Suntan Preparations

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