Vitamin D Effects on Osteoblastic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Dental Tissues

Posa, Francesca; Benedetto, Adriana Di; Colaianni, Graziana; Cavalcanti‐Adam, Elisabetta Ada; Brunetti, Giacomina; Porro, Chiara; Trotta, Teresa; Grano, Maria; Mori, Giorgio

doi:10.1155/2016/9150819

Cited by 53 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…However, a recent pilot study in mechanically ventilated ICU patients showed that high dose of vitamin D3 was associated with decreased hospital length of stay, but no statically significant change in plasma LL-37 concentrations or other clinical outcomes (181). While the stimulatory effect of Vitamin D has been described for the osteogenic potential of MSCs (182), future experiments are required to address their effect on the expression of AMPs both in vitro and in vivo . This could represent an alternative approach by stimulating the endogenous MSCs to secrete higher amount of AMPs.…”

Section: Trends Future Perspectives and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Current Status and New Perspectives of Antimicrobial Peptide-Based Therapies

2017

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While mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapy appears to be promising, there are concerns regarding possible side effects related to the unwanted suppression of antimicrobial immunity leading to an increased risk of infection. Conversely, recent data show that MSCs exert strong antimicrobial effects through indirect and direct mechanisms, partially mediated by the secretion of antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs). In fact, MSCs have been reported to increase bacterial clearance in preclinical models of sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and cystic fibrosis-related infections. This article reviews the current evidence regarding the direct antimicrobial effector function of MSCs, focusing mainly on the role of MSCs-derived AMPs. The strategies that might modulate the expression and secretion of these AMPs, leading to enhanced antimicrobial effect, are highlighted. Furthermore, studies evaluating the presence of AMPs in the cargo of extracellular vesicles (EVs) are underlined as perspective opportunities to develop new drug delivery tools. The antimicrobial potential of MSCs-derived EVs can also be heightened through cell conditioning and/or drug loading. Finally, improving the pharmacokinetics and delivery, in addition to deciphering the multi-target drug status of AMPs, should synergistically lead to key advances against infections caused by drug-resistant strains.

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Section: Trends Future Perspectives and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Current Status and New Perspectives of Antimicrobial Peptide-Based Therapies

2017

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“…Vitamin D is essential for normal bone formation and mineralization, and plays a critical role in bone biology . Disordered vitamin D metabolism plays a crucial role in SHPT along with other changes of mineral metabolism.…”

Section: Vitamin D Deficiency‐related Bone Quantity Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vitamin D is essential for normal bone formation and mineralization, and plays a critical role in bone biology. 91,92 Disordered vitamin D metabolism plays a crucial role in SHPT along with other changes of mineral metabolism. Vitamin D deficiency is common in advanced CKD, and the BMD is positively correlated with the serum 25(OH)D concentration.…”

Section: Vitamin D Deficiency-related Bone Quantity Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral bone disorders in chronic kidney disease

Hou

2018

Nephrology

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As the GFR loss aggravates, the disturbed mineral metabolism worsens the bone microstructure and remodelling ‐ scenario, which is known as CKD‐mineral bone disease (MBD). CKD‐MBD is characterized by : (i) abnormal metabolism of calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), or vitamin D; (ii) abnormalities in bone turnover, mineralization, volume linear growth or strength; (iii) soft‐tissue calcifications, either vascular or extra‐osseous. Uremic vascular calcification and osteoporosis are the most common complications related to CKD‐MBD. Disregulated bone turnover by uremic toxin or secondary hyperparathyroidism disturbed bone mineralization and makes it difficult for calcium and inorganic phosphate to enter into bone, resulting in increased serum calcium and inorganic phosphate. Vascular calcification worsens by hyperphosphatemia and systemic inflammation. Since vitamin D deficiency plays an important role in renal osteodystrophy, supplement of nutritional vitamin D is important in treating uremic osteoporosis and vascular calcification at the same time. Its pleotropic effect improves the bone remodeling initiated by osteoblast and alleviates the risk factors for vascular calcification with less hypercalcemia than vitamin D receptor analogs. Therefore, nutritional vitamin D should be considered in managing CKDMBD.

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“…Although the main known source of MSCs is the bone marrow, a wide variety of MSCs have been recognized in dental tissues such as pulp, periodontal ligament and apical papilla, exhibiting several multilineage potencies including osteogenic, adipogenic and neurogenic (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30), besides the expected odontogenic (31). In our previous studies, we demonstrated the stem cell properties of dental tissues such as pulp, follicle and bud, as well as their ability to differentiate into osteoblasts (32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38). According to our findings, differentiated dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) express high levels of TRAIL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

High expression of TRAIL by osteoblastic differentiated dental pulp stem cells affects myeloma cell viability

et al. 2018

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Cells from dental tissues have a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) phenotype, are multipotent and can differentiate into osteoblastic cells, as we have previously found. MSCs, due to their tumor‑homing ability, are currently being used as cell‑based delivery systems for cancer protein therapeutics, such as the TNF‑related apoptosis‑inducing ligand (TRAIL). In the present study we revealed that dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) expressed TRAIL to a greater extent when they were differentiated into the osteoblastic lineage. TRAIL affected the viability of undifferentiated DPSCs, while osteoblastic differentiated DPSCs were not sensitive to TRAIL. The expression trend of TRAIL receptors underwent changes during the osteoblastic differentiation of DPSCs exhibiting low DcR2 and high DR5 levels in the undifferentiated DPSCs and an opposite scenario was presented in the differentiated cells. The sensitivity of the undifferentiated DPSCs to the TRAIL‑apoptotic effect was also associated with low levels of intracellular anti‑apoptotic proteins, such as c‑FLIP, XIAP and the activation of caspase‑8 and ‑3. DPSC‑differentiated osteoblasts expressing high TRAIL levels were capable to affect the cell viability of the human myeloma cell line H929, thus representing an effective anticancer therapeutic method.

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Vitamin D Effects on Osteoblastic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Dental Tissues

Cited by 53 publications

References 48 publications

Antimicrobial Activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Current Status and New Perspectives of Antimicrobial Peptide-Based Therapies

Antimicrobial Activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Current Status and New Perspectives of Antimicrobial Peptide-Based Therapies

Mineral bone disorders in chronic kidney disease

High expression of TRAIL by osteoblastic differentiated dental pulp stem cells affects myeloma cell viability

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