Vitamin D and the heart

Gardner, David G.; Chen, Songcang; Glenn, Denis J.

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00322.2013

Cited by 60 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(130 reference statements)

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“…VDR is classified among the nuclear receptors; the latter are known to control transcriptional regulation of hormone responsive genes [32]. Because VDR is expressed in cardiac cells [33] and several types of cells, it is not surprising that the ligand-activated VDR modulates the expression of multiple genes, and regulates the function of many organs in physiological and pathophysiological conditions [34]. In this context, many studies have shown an association between vitamin D deficiency and risk factors of CVD, metabolic syndrome, and various type of diseases [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FokI vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with cardiovascular risk

Nakhl

Sleilaty

Chouery

et al. 2019

Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis

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Introduction: The biological actions of vitamin D are mediated through vitamin D receptor (VDR). Numerous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the VDR gene have been identified, and some have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. This study aims to evaluate the association of five SNPs in the VDR gene with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels in patients with at least one CVD risk factor. Material and methods: Genomic DNA was sequenced using standard Sanger methods for five VDR SNPs (BsmI rs1544410; ApaI rs7975232; Cdx2 rs11568820; TaqI rs731236; FokI rs2228570) in 50 Mediterranean subjects having hypovitaminosis D with at least one documented CVD risk factor, aged 18 years or more. The collected variables were serum levels of (25[OH]D), HbA 1c , fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, and total cholesterol. Results: BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI were moderately to highly intercorrelated. Cdx2 was less frequent than expected. With respect to the number of mutations in FokI, levels of (25 [OH]D) were 11.2 ±5.5 ng/ml in the absence of mutations, 12.6 ±4.7 ng/ml in the presence of one mutation, and 16.5 ± 5.5 ng/ml in the presence of two mutations. Conclusions: FokI polymorphism is more frequent in subjects with cardiovascular risk factors than in the general Caucasian population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FokI vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with cardiovascular risk

Nakhl

Sleilaty

Chouery

et al. 2019

Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis

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“…1,25(OH) 2 D and its analogs suppress markers of cardiac hypertrophy, and deletion of the VDR specifically from the heart results in hypertrophy (Chen et al, 2011; Gardner et al, 2013). VDR and CYP27B1 null mice are also hypertensive with increased production of renin from kidneys and heart resulting in increased circulating angiotensin II levels (Zhou et al, 2008).…”

Section: Clinical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Metabolism, Mechanism of Action, and Clinical Applications

Bikle

2014

Chemistry & Biology

1,315

1,177

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Vitamin D3 is made in the skin from 7-dehydrocholesterol under the influence of UV light. Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) is derived from the plant sterol ergosterol. Vitamin D is metabolized first to 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), then to the hormonal form 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D). CYP2R1 is the most important 25-hydroxylase; CYP27B1 is the key 1-hydroxylase. Both 25OHD and 1,25(OH)2D are catabolized by CYP24A1. 1,25(OH)2D is the ligand for the vitamin D receptor (VDR), a transcription factor, binding to sites in the DNA called vitamin D response elements (VDREs). There are thousands of these binding sites regulating hundreds of genes in a cell-specific fashion. VDR-regulated transcription is dependent on comodulators, the profile of which is also cell specific. Analogs of 1,25(OH)2D are being developed to target specific diseases with minimal side effects. This review will examine these different aspects of vitamin D metabolism, mechanism of action, and clinical application.

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“…The cardiac hypertrophy seen in VDRKO mice includes an increase in fibrosis. 1,25(OH) 2 D suppresses endothelin expression in cardiac fibroblasts, a known profibrotic/hypertrophic factor for the heart, whereas the expression of several metalloproteinases are increased and their inhibitors are decreased . VDRKO mice are also prone to develop accelerated atherosclerosis, whereas 1,25(OH) 2 D can reduce such lesions in ApoE gene knockout mice, a mouse model of accelerated atherosclerosis, in part by suppressing the immune response in the atherosclerotic plaques .…”

Section: Cardiovascular Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraskeletal actions of vitamin D

Bikle

2016

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

151

108

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The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is found in nearly all, if not all, cells in the body. The enzyme that produces the active metabolite of vitamin D and ligand for VDR, namely CYP27B1, likewise is widely expressed in many cells of the body. These observations indicate that the role of vitamin D is not limited to regulation of bone and mineral homeostasis, as important as that is. Rather, the study of its extraskeletal actions has become the major driving force behind the significant increase in research articles on vitamin D published over the past several decades. A great deal of information has accumulated from cell culture studies, in vivo animal studies, and clinical association studies that confirms that extraskeletal effects of vitamin D are truly widespread and substantial. However, randomized, placebo controlled clinical trials, when done, have by and large not produced the benefits anticipated by the in vitro cell culture and in vivo animal studies. In this review, I will examine the role of vitamin D signaling in a number of extraskeletal tissues, and assess the success of translating these findings into treatments of human diseases affecting those extracellular tissues.

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Vitamin D and the heart

Cited by 60 publications

References 103 publications

FokI vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with cardiovascular risk

FokI vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with cardiovascular risk

Vitamin D Metabolism, Mechanism of Action, and Clinical Applications

Extraskeletal actions of vitamin D

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