Vitamin D: A Necessity for Children and Adolescents in Greece

Lapatsanis, D.; Moulas, Anargyros N.; Cholevas, Vasileios; Soukakos, Panagiotis K.; Papadopoulou, Zoe L.; Challa, Anna

doi:10.1007/s00223-004-0096-y

Cited by 83 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In our study, no significant difference was found between the patient and control groups in terms of vitamin D level. However, the rates of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in both groups were found to be higher compared to the studies conducted in our country and in the world (8,10,13,14).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

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The effect of vitamin D on lower respiratory tract infections in children

Şişmanlar¹,

Aslan²,

Gülbahar³

et al. 2016

Turk Pediatri Ars

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Aim: Lower respiratory tract infections including mainly pneumonia represent an important public health problem leading to high mortality and mobidity rates in children aged below five years in developing countries including our country. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with increased risk of rickets/osteomalacia, various cancers, autoimmune diseases, hyperproliferative skin diseases, cardiovascular system diseases and infectious diseases. Vitamin D has an important role in cellular and humoral immunity and pulmonary functions. Vitamin D deficiency and lower respiratory tract infection are common health problems in children in our country and no clinical study investigating the relationship between these problems has been conducted so far. In this case-control study, we aimed to assess the association between vitamin D level and lower respiratory tract infection in children. Material and Methods: Sixty-three children aged between six months and five years with lower respiratory infections and 59 age-matched children who had no history of respiratory symptoms in the last month and no accompanying chronic disease were compared in terms of vitamin D levels. The children in the patient group were also evaluated by the clinical picture. Results: No significant correlation was found between vitamin D levels and lower respiratory tract infection in terms of disease and its severity. However, it was found that vitamin D deficiency/ insufficiency was observed with a high rate in all children included in the study. Conclusions: Although no correlation was found between vitamin D level and lower respiratory tract infection, it is recommended that vitamin D level should be measured in children with lower respiratory tract infection and vitamin D supplementation should be given to all children especially in winter months based on the fact that the level of vitamin D was lower than normal in approximately half of the children included in the study and considering the effects of vitamin D on infections, pulmonary functions and immunity. (Turk Pediatri Ars 2016; 51: 94-9)

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…In children, vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are important health problems and variable prevalences have been reported in studies conducted in many countries (8)(9)(10)(11). In a study conducted in Greece, vitamin D deficiency was found with a rate of 14% in children aged between three and 18 years (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of vitamin D on lower respiratory tract infections in children

Şişmanlar¹,

Aslan²,

Gülbahar³

et al. 2016

Turk Pediatri Ars

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“…(9,16,21) Other reports, including this one, show similarly high frequencies in European countries located at lower latitudes, namely, France (41%), but also Greece, (20) Germany, (26) and Switzerland. (19) The prevalence of low 25(OH)D levels during the winter is even higher when using the 40 nmol/L cutoff (61% in this study).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…(13) Serum 25(OH)D levels are considered the best marker of vitamin D status and have been used commonly to assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency in healthy children and adolescents. (9,10,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26) However, a clear understanding of the biologic significance of given concentrations of circulating 25(OH)D is still lacking, and reference ranges for vitamin D are being reassessed on the basis of what constitutes a normal concentration compared with optimal concentrations. (27)(28)(29) Most clinicians agree that serum 25(OH)D levels below 25 to 30 nmol/L (10 to 12 ng/mL) may lead to nutritional rickets, hypocalcemic convulsions, dental problems, and poor growth in children and adolescents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse interaction of low-calcium diet and low 25(OH)D levels on lumbar spine mineralization in late-pubertal girls

Esterle

Nguyen

Walrant-Debray

et al. 2010

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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No consensus has been reached on the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels required to ensure optimal bone health around menarche. We searched for a possible interaction of 25(OH)D levels and calcium intake on lumbar spine mineralization and on biologic features of bone metabolism in healthy late-pubertal girls. Lumbar spine parameters (ie, area, mineral content, and density) and calcium intake were evaluated in 211 healthy white adolescent girls at pubertal stages IV-V (11 to 16.9 years), together with biologic markers of calcium and bone metabolism and with International External Quality Assessment Scheme for Vitamin D Metabolite (DEQAS)-validated serum 25(OH)D levels. A high prevalence of 25(OH)D levels 30 nmol/L (41%), 40 nmol/L (61%), and 50 nmol/L (70%) was found during winter-spring. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were inversely associated with 25(OH)D levels ( p ¼ .0021). In contrast, lumbar spine mineral content and density were not associated with 25(OH)D, excepted when calcium intake was below 600 mg/day ( p ¼ .0081). Girls with such low calcium intake and 25(OH)D levels of 40 nmol/L or less (9% of the cohort) had a 0.4 to 0.7 SD lower mean areal bone mineral density Z-score than girls with higher calcium intake and/or higher 25(OH)D status. The adverse association between lumbar spine mineralization and combined calcium deficiency-low 25(OH)D levels remained significant in the 91 girls who could be followed over 4 years after their initial evaluation. We conclude that low 25(OH)D levels ( 40 nmol/L) are observed frequently during winterspring in late-pubertal European girls, which may exacerbate the negative impact of calcium deficiency on lumbar spine mineralization. ß

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“…[1][2][3] Vitamin D is found in inactive form in body which is converted to active vitamin D by sun rays. [4][5] Vitamin D deficiency is common in India; moreover tendency to cover the skin to avoid pigmentation may lead to deficiency of vitamin D. [6][7][8] Vitamin D have various other important functions like cellular differentiation and replication in many tissue and organs, including metabolism of calcium. [9,10] Vitamin D is considered very important for insulin secretion and sustain the normal glucose homeostasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and its Relation with Insulin Resistance in Obese Children

Mathur¹,

Soni²,

Kukreja³

2018

AIMDR

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Background: Deficiency of vitamin D leads to mal skeletal growth in children; moreover it is becoming an epidemic throughout the world. Decrease level of vitamin D can cause diverse of skeletal disorders in children like rickets, osteopenia etc. The relationship of vitamin D, obesity and insulin resistance is still not clear in the literature. Vitamin D deficiency may induce the altered glucose tolerance in obese children. Therefore the present study was designed to investigate the relationship of vitamin D and insulin resistance in obese children. Methods: The present study was a cross sectional type of study which was conducted in paediatric department of TMMC & RC, Moradabad. This study included 120 obese children (60 males and 60 females) of mean age 12 ± 2.6 years in group I. Control group II contained 100 healthy none obese children (50 males and 50 females) of 12.2 ± 1.8 years. Insulin resistance was calculated from fasting plasma measurements using HOMA-IR (insulin (mU/L) × glucose (mmol/l)/22.5). Insulin resistance criteria were HOMA-IR >2.5 for children. Vitamin D was measured by ELISA method (kit manufactured by Cayman chemical company, Ann Arbor, USA). Results: There was an insignificant difference in the FBG (>0.05) of group I obese children and group II control. Insulin (<0.05) and HOMA-IR (<0.01) were significantly low in obese children in comparison of none-obese children. Vitamin D (<0.01) was significantly lower in obese children compare to healthy children. vitamin D was negatively correlated with BMI (r = -0.42, r2 =0.1764, p<0.05) in obese children. There was a negative correlation between vitamin D and insulin resistance (r = -0.52, r2 =0.2704, p<0.05) in obese children. Conclusion: Present study suggests that there was strong relation between insulin resistance and obesity. Vitamin D was negatively correlated with BMI and insulin resistance. These findings strongly suggest vitamin D level may found insufficient or deficient in obese children. Therefore, obese children should be screened for vitamin D deficiency for their normal skeletal growth.

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Vitamin D: A Necessity for Children and Adolescents in Greece

Cited by 83 publications

References 60 publications

The effect of vitamin D on lower respiratory tract infections in children

The effect of vitamin D on lower respiratory tract infections in children

Adverse interaction of low-calcium diet and low 25(OH)D levels on lumbar spine mineralization in late-pubertal girls

Vitamin D and its Relation with Insulin Resistance in Obese Children

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