Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold

Rm, Douglas; Hemilä, Harri; Chalker, Elizabeth; D'Souza, RRD; Treacy, B

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd000980.pub2

Cited by 163 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Further, plasma and leukocyte vitamin C concentrations fall rapidly with the onset of the infection and return to normal with the amelioration of the symptoms suggesting dosage with vitamin C could be beneficial for the recovery process [54] . A review of the large numbers of studies on a potential effect of vitamin C on the common cold and respiratory infections concluded that administration of 1 1 g/day had no consistent effect on the incidence of common colds, but supported a moderate benefit on duration and severity of symptoms which may also be of economic advantage [55] .…”

Section: Vitamin B 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Selected Vitamins and Trace Elements to Immune Function

Wintergerst

Maggini²,

Hornig³

2007

Ann Nutr Metab

613

494

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Adequate intakes of vitamins and trace elements are required for the immune system to function efficiently. Micronutrient deficiency suppresses immune functions by affecting the innate T-cell-mediated immune response and adaptive antibody response, and leads to dysregulation of the balanced host response. This increases the susceptibility to infections, with increased morbidity and mortality. In turn, infections aggravate micronutrient deficiencies by reducing nutrient intake, increasing losses, and interfering with utilization by altering metabolic pathways. Insufficient intake of micronutrients occurs in people with eating disorders, in smokers (both active and passive), in individuals with chronic alcohol abuse, in patients with certain diseases, during pregnancy and lactation, and in the elderly. With aging a variety of changes are observed in the immune system, which translate into less effective innate and adaptive immune responses and increased susceptibility to infections. Antioxidant vitamins and trace elements (vitamins C, E, selenium, copper, and zinc) counteract potential damage caused by reactive oxygen species to cellular tissues and modulate immune cell function through regulation of redox-sensitive transcription factors and affect production of cytokines and prostaglandins. Adequate intake of vitamins B₆, folate, B₁₂, C, E, and of selenium, zinc, copper, and iron supports a Th1 cytokine-mediated immune response with sufficient production of proinflammatory cytokines, which maintains an effective immune response and avoids a shift to an anti-inflammatory Th2 cell-mediated immune response and an increased risk of extracellular infections. Supplementation with these micronutrients reverses the Th2 cell-mediated immune response to a proinflammatory Th1 cytokine-regulated response with enhanced innate immunity. Vitamins A and D play important roles in both cell-mediated and humoral antibody response and support a Th2-mediated anti-inflammatory cytokine profile. Vitamin A deficiency impairs both innate immunity (mucosal epithelial regeneration) and adaptive immune response to infection resulting in an impaired ability to counteract extracellular pathogens. Vitamin D deficiency is correlated with a higher susceptibility to infections due to impaired localized innate immunity and defects in antigen-specific cellular immune response. Overall, inadequate intake and status of these vitamins and minerals may lead to suppressed immunity, which predisposes to infections and aggravates malnutrition.

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Section: Vitamin B 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Selected Vitamins and Trace Elements to Immune Function

Wintergerst

Maggini²,

Hornig³

2007

Ann Nutr Metab

613

494

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…45 Previous studies were not able to show any benefit regarding the consumption of vitamin C and cancer prevention, urinary stone production 47 and reduction of common cold incidence. [48][49][50] Lee et al assessed the association between intake of vitamin C and mortality from cardiovascular disease in 1923 diabetic postmenopausal women. They concluded that intake of vitamin C from food had no association with mortality outcomes.…”

Section: Vitamin Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamins, Are They Safe?

Hamishehkar¹,

Ranjdoost²,

Asgharian³

et al. 2016

Adv Pharm Bull

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“…In einer neueren Cochrane-Analyse von 2004 [83] zeigte sich, dass die prophylaktische, hochdosierte Gabe von Vitamin C die Inzidenz von grippalen Infekten in der (gesunden) Gesamtbevölkerung nicht reduzieren kann.…”

Section: Leukotrienantagonisten Die Gabe Desunclassified