Vitamin A in Infective Hepatitis

Harris, A. D.; Moore, Thomas

doi:10.1136/bmj.1.4503.553

Cited by 35 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…These reports demonstrated that plasma vitamin A levels were markedly decreased in patients with liver disease (15,16). It was also found that dark adaptation was abnormal in patients with cirrhosis and that the administration of vitamin A was followed by some improvement (17).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

The effects of diseases of the liver, thyroid, and kidneys on the transport of vitamin A in human plasma

Smith¹,

Goodman²

1971

J. Clin. Invest.

436

141

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ABS TR A CT The effects of diseases of the liver, the thyroid, and the kidneys on the retinol-binding protein (RBP)-prealbumin (PA) system responsible for the transport of vitamin A in plasma were examined, using a radial gel diffusion immunoassay for PA and the previously described radioimmunoassay for RBP. Measurements were made on plasma samples from 118 normal subjects, 31 patients with cirrhosis, 5 with chronic active hepatitis, 27 with acute viral hepatitis, 14 patients with hyperthyroidism, 7 with hypothyroidism, and 26 patients with chronic renal disease of varying etiologies. In the patients with liver disease, the levels of vitamin A, RBP, and PA were all markedly decreased and were highly significantly correlated over a wide range of concentrations. Serial samples were available in 19 patients with acute hepatitis; as the disease improved the plasma concentrations of vitamin A, RBP, and PA all increased.In patients with acute hepatitis RBP concentrations correlated negatively with the levels of plasma bilirubin, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase. In the hyperthyroid patients both RBP and PA concentrations were significantly lower than normal; in hypothyroidism, neither protein showed levels significantly different from normal. In both hyper-and hypothyroidism and in liver disease, the molar ratios of RBP: PA and of RBP: vitamin A were not significantly different from normal.Patients with chronic renal disease had marked abnormalities in the plasma concentrations of RBP and vitamin A and in the molar ratios examined. In renal disease the levels of both RBP and vitamin A were greatly elevated, while the PA levels remained normal. The molar ratios of RBP: PA and of RBP: vitamin A were both markedly elevated. In many patients RBP was present in molar excess as compared with PA.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

The effects of diseases of the liver, thyroid, and kidneys on the transport of vitamin A in human plasma

Smith¹,

Goodman²

1971

J. Clin. Invest.

436

141

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show abstract

“…The system's use of correlation makes it the single-dish equivalent of a two-element spatial interferometer (Blum 1959;Harris 2005), with a similar promise for high stability. The spectrometer has moderate velocity resolution that is well matched to extragalactic observations: its spectral response to a monochromatic line is a sinc(x) function with 20 MHz full width at half maximum, corresponding to about 190 km s −1 at band center.…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Receiver performance at high frequency limits the bandwidth, so the spectra in this paper cover 10.5 GHz, the three lowestfrequency correlator sub-bands. Harris (2005) covers the details of how the combination of a correlation receiver front end and analog lag cross-correlator backend differences the power between the receiver's two input feed horns. This electronic differencing greatly reduces the effects of amplifier 1/f gain noise, the dominant source of instability in good total power radiometers.…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stepping monochromatic signals with 8 MHz spacings across the receiver band calibrated the system phase and established the correlator's spectral frequency scale (Harris & Zmuidzinas 2001;Harris 2005). Signals from one of the GBT's microwave synthesizers were injected between one of the feed horns and the receiver's input hybrid for this purpose.…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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COJ= 1-0 SPECTROSCOPY OF FOUR SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES WITH THE ZPECTROMETER ON THE GREEN BANK TELESCOPE

Harris

Baker

Zonak

et al. 2010

ApJ

140

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We report detections of three z ∼ 2.5 submillimeter-selected galaxies (SMGs; SMM J14011+0252, SMM J14009+0252, SMM J04431+0210) in the lowest rotational transition of the carbon monoxide molecule (CO J = 1 − 0) and one nondetection (SMM J04433+0210). For the three galaxies we detected, we find a line-integrated brightness temperature ratio of the J = 3 − 2 and 1 − 0 lines of 0.68±0.08; the 1−0 line is stronger than predicted by the frequent assumption of equal brightnesses in the two lines and by most single-component models. The observed ratio suggests that mass estimates for SMGs based on J = 3 − 2 observations and J = 1 − 0 column density or mass conversion factors are low by a factor of 1.5. Comparison of the 1 − 0 line intensities with intensities of higher-J transitions indicates that single-component models for the interstellar media in SMGs are incomplete. The small dispersion in the ratio, along with published detections of CO lines with J upper > 3 in most of the sources, indicates that the emission is from multi-component interstellar media with physical structures common to many classes of galaxies. This result tends to rule out the lowest scaling factors between CO luminosity and molecular gas mass, and further increases molecular mass estimates calibrated against observations of galaxies in the local universe. We also describe and demonstrate a statistically sound method for finding weak lines in broadband spectra that will find application in searches for molecular lines from sources at unknown redshifts.

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“…Females diagnosed with disorders such as ovarian failure and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) have a low ovarian stimulation response and the use of reproductive technologies for such disorders or for in vitro maturation of immature oocytes causes problem with the maturation of oocytes in addition to decreasing their developmental competence [2,4]. Therefore, improving IVM protocols by adding different hormones, growth factors [5], and vitamins [6,7] is necessary in order to increase medium efficiency to support the competence of immature oocytes for fertilization and embryogenesis [8]. Retinoic acid (RA) is an important metabolite and component of vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) which is necessary for human reproduction [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of retinoic acid on maturation of immature mouse oocytes in the presence and absence of a granulosa cell co-culture system

Tahaei

Eimani

Eftekhari‐Yazdi

et al. 2011

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose Evaluation of the all-trans retinoic acid (t-RA) effects on in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) of immature mouse oocytes in the presence and absence of granulosa cell monolayer. Methods Denuded oocytes isolated from mice ovaries and matured in IVM medium alone (Control I), IVM medium in the presence of granulosa cells (Control II), IVM medium with t-RA (Experimental I) and IVM medium simultaneously with t-RA and granulosa cells (Experimental II). After 24 h, matured oocytes were fertilized in T6 medium and their development was followed until the blastocyst stage. Metaphase II oocytes ploidy were evaluated by chromosome counting. Results The t-RA group compared to the control groups showed no obvious abnormalities. Additionally maturation and embryo development rates significantly increased in the t-RA treated granulosa cell co-culture system. Conclusions In conclusion, association of t-RA with granulosa cell co-culture during in vitro maturation increases meiosis resumption, formation of metaphase II oocytes, as well as 2-cell and blastocyst stage embryos.

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Vitamin A in Infective Hepatitis

Cited by 35 publications

References 17 publications

The effects of diseases of the liver, thyroid, and kidneys on the transport of vitamin A in human plasma

The effects of diseases of the liver, thyroid, and kidneys on the transport of vitamin A in human plasma

COJ= 1-0 SPECTROSCOPY OF FOUR SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES WITH THE ZPECTROMETER ON THE GREEN BANK TELESCOPE

Effects of retinoic acid on maturation of immature mouse oocytes in the presence and absence of a granulosa cell co-culture system

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