The effects of diseases of the liver, thyroid, and kidneys on the transport of vitamin A in human plasma

Smith, Frank; Goodman, DeWitt S.

doi:10.1172/jci106741

Cited by 433 publications

(168 citation statements)

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“…The most probable cause of increased serum RBP4 concentration in ESRD patients was insufficient renal elimination of serum RBP4 because of insufficient renal filtration and/ or renal degradation (Mogielnicki et al, 1971;Smith and Goodman, 1971;Goodman, 1984). Therefore, successful kidney transplantation may result in decreased RBP4 elimination by the transplanted kidney.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), a 21-kDa protein, was originally recognized as the specific transport protein for vitamin A (retinol, ROH) in circulation, delivering hydrophobic retinol from the liver to target tissues (Smith and Goodman, 1971;Goodman, 1984;Blaner, 1989). However, Yang et al (2005) recently reported that RBP4 is an adipokine that impairs insulin sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After releasing ROH into the target cells, the remaining apo-RBP4 (unbound ROH) is quickly filtered through the glomeruli and reabsorbed into the proximal tubules via the megalin-cubilin receptor complex, and then catabolized (Peterson and Berggard, 1971;Mogielnicki et al, 1971;Raila et al, 2005). Therefore, liver and kidney dysfunctions can interfere with RBP4 homeostasis, and chronic kidney and liver diseases influence RBP4 metabolism by altering RBP4 synthesis and catabolism (Smith and Goodman, 1971;Goodman, 1980;Adoncecchi et al, 1984;Bernard et al, 1988;Jaconi et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decreased retinol-binding protein 4 in the sera of patients with end-stage renal disease after kidney transplantation

Zhang¹,

Zhou²,

Zhang³

et al. 2014

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is a novel adipokine that has been associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have very high serum RBP4 levels. However, whether successful kidney transplantation alleviates these elevated serum RBP4 levels is unclear. The serum RBP4 levels of 24 ESRD patients were determined before transplantation and at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after kidney transplantation. The control group included 22 healthy subjects. Serum RBP4 concentrations were measured using a commercial kit via the immunologic turbidimetric method, and were related to biomarkers for renal and liver function. The serum RBP4 level of ESRD patients before kidney transplantation (160.8 ± 29.1 mg/L) was Level of RBP4 in patients after kidney transplantation approximately 7-fold higher than that of normal controls (22.6 ± 11.0 mg/L; P = 0.000). The serum RBP4 level before transplantation was significantly higher than that at 1 day (65.3 ± 28.4 mg/L), 1 week (48.3 ± 22.9 mg/L), and 1 month after transplantation (53.1 ± 25.5 mg/L; P = 0.000). However, these values were still higher than those of controls (P = 0.000). Univariate regression analysis showed that the percent changes in serum RBP4 concentration before and after kidney transplantation were positively correlated with serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, phosphate, and pre-albumin concentrations and negatively correlated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate. The serum RBP4 concentration of patients with ESRD decreased significantly after kidney transplantation; therefore, we found that serum RBP4 concentration was related to renal function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decreased retinol-binding protein 4 in the sera of patients with end-stage renal disease after kidney transplantation

Zhang¹,

Zhou²,

Zhang³

et al. 2014

Genet. Mol. Res.

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“…However, not all serum RBP is bound to retinol, and the proportion that is not (apo-RBP) varies, as the binding of RBP to retinol and transthyretin is affected by multiple factors, including vitamin A status, the acute-phase response, protein-energy malnutrition, liver disease and renal failure. [121][122][123][124] The RBP4-SR relationship may be important in obesity in that the link between RBP4 and insulin resistance may occur through retinol-dependent (that is, changes in retinol metabolism or delivery) or retinol-independent mechanisms. Retinoids can stimulate phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase expression in the liver and hepatic gluconeogenesis.…”

Section: Retinol-binding Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary determinants of subclinical inflammation, dyslipidemia and components of the metabolic syndrome in overweight children: a review

Zimmermann

Aeberli

2008

Int J Obes

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Objective: To review and summarize the dietary determinants of the metabolic syndrome, subclinical inflammation and dyslipidemia in overweight children. Design: Review of the current literature, focusing on pediatric studies. Participants: Normal weight, overweight, or obese children and adolescents. Results: There is a growing literature on the metabolic effects of excess body fat during childhood. However, few pediatric studies have examined the dietary determinants of obesity-related metabolic disturbances. From the available data, it appears that dietary factors are not only important environmental determinants of adiposity, but also may affect components of the metabolic syndrome and modulate the actions of adipokines. Dietary total fat and saturated fat are associated with insulin resistance and high blood pressure, as well as obesity-related inflammation. In contrast to studies in adults, resistin and adiponectin do not appear to be closely linked to insulin resistance or dyslipidemia in childhood. However, circulating leptin and retinol-binding protein (RBP) 4 correlate well with obesity, central obesity and the metabolic syndrome in children. Intakes of antioxidant vitamins tend to be low in obese children and may be predictors of subclinical inflammation. Higher fructose intake from sweets and sweetened drinks in overweight children has been linked to decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size. Conclusions: Dietary interventions aimed at reducing intakes of total fat, saturated fat and free fructose, whereas increasing antioxidant vitamin intake may be beneficial in overweight children. More research on the relationships between dietary factors and the metabolic changes of pediatric obesity may help to identify the dietary changes to reduce health risks. International Journal of Obesity (2008) 32, S11-S18; doi:10. 1038/ijo.2008.202 Keywords: child; metabolic syndrome; diet; inflammation; adipokine IntroductionIn both industrialized and non-industrialized countries, the prevalence of pediatric obesity is increasing. 1 Dietary factors are environmental determinants of adiposity, as well as components of the metabolic syndrome, and may modulate the actions of adipokines. Better understanding of the relationships between dietary factors and the metabolic changes of pediatric obesity may help to identify the dietary changes to reduce health risks. Hypertension, insulin resistance, resistin and adiponectinPediatric obesity is an important risk factor for adult hypertension and type 2 diabetes, and approximately one third of obese children are hypertensive and/or hyperinsulinemic. 2,3 The adipocyte-derived hormones resistin, adiponectin and leptin may play a role in the development of hypertension and/or insulin resistance. 4-7 Among children, inverse associations of adiponectin or resistin with body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance have been reported, 8 but not all studies agree. 9 Studies on diet in childhood hypertension have mainly focused on sodium or calcium intake, rather than macr...

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“…It is thought that the factors that may contribute to the high vitamin A concentration in patients with chronic renal failure is the diminished metabolism of retinol to retinoic acid, which is excreted by the kidneys (17), and increased concentrations of retinol-binding protein found in chronic renal failure (18). It appears that the high serum vitamin A level that occurs in patients with chronic renal failure has toxic effects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypercalcaemia Secondary to Hypervitaminosis A in a Patient with Chronic Renal Failure

Hammoud¹,

Haddad²,

Abdallah³

2014

West Indian Med J

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The effects of diseases of the liver, thyroid, and kidneys on the transport of vitamin A in human plasma

Cited by 433 publications

References 32 publications

Decreased retinol-binding protein 4 in the sera of patients with end-stage renal disease after kidney transplantation

Decreased retinol-binding protein 4 in the sera of patients with end-stage renal disease after kidney transplantation

Dietary determinants of subclinical inflammation, dyslipidemia and components of the metabolic syndrome in overweight children: a review

Hypercalcaemia Secondary to Hypervitaminosis A in a Patient with Chronic Renal Failure

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