Vitamin A depletion induced by cigarette smoke is associated with an increase in lung cancer-related markers in rats

Xue, Yuan; Harris, Ethan; Wang, Weiqun; Baybutt, Richard

doi:10.1186/s12929-015-0189-0

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Previous studies have shown that RARβ was significantly decreased in the animals with cigarette smoke exposure [51]. Consistently, our study found that the RARβ protein expression was significantly lower in the cells exposed to smoke, in comparison to the cells not exposed to smoke.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Lycopene Protects against Smoking-Induced Lung Cancer by Inducing Base Excision Repair

et al. 2020

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Background: Oxidative stress plays a critical role in lung cancer progression. Carotenoids are efficient antioxidants. The objective of this study was to explore the efficacy of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and carotenoids in cigarette smoke-induced oxidative stress within A549 human lung cancer epithelial cells. Methods: A549 cells were pretreated with 1-nM, 10-nM, 100-nM, 1-μM and 10-μM ATRA, β-carotene (BC) and lycopene for 24 h, followed by exposure to cigarette smoke using a smoking chamber. Results: The OxyBlot analysis showed that smoking significantly increased oxidative stress, which was inhibited by lycopene at 1 nM and 10 nM (p < 0.05). In the cells exposed to smoke, lycopene increased 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) expression at 1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM, and 1 μM (p < 0.05), but not at 10 μM. Lycopene at lower doses also improved Nei like DNA glycosylases (NEIL1, NEIL2, NEIL3), and connexin-43 (Cx43) protein levels (p < 0.05). Interestingly, lycopene at lower concentrations promoted OGG1 expression within the cells exposed to smoke to an even greater extent than the cells not exposed to smoke (p < 0.01). This may be attributed to the increased SR-B1 mRNA levels with cigarette smoke exposure (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Lycopene treatment at a lower dosage could inhibit smoke-induced oxidative stress and promote genome stability. These novel findings will shed light on the molecular mechanism of lycopene action against lung cancer.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Lycopene Protects against Smoking-Induced Lung Cancer by Inducing Base Excision Repair

et al. 2020

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“…Lower levels of retinoic acid were observed in patients with lung cancer, and retinol deficiency or retinol metabolism impairment has been suggested as playing a role in cancer [ 49 ]. In rat models, low vitamin A was suggested to increase susceptibility to the development of cigarette smoke-induced lung emphysema, and vitamin A depletion induced by cigarette smoke was associated with increased expression of lung cancer-related markers [ 50 , 51 ]. Although the exact interactions of WISP1 SNPs and alcohol consumption in HCC remain unclear, retinoic acid depletion may play an essential role in WISP1 SNPs expression when combined with alcohol drinking in HCC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the HCC patients in our study group, 37.3% consumed alcohol and 40.7% smoked cigarettes. Because both alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking have been associated with retinoic acid depletion [ 40 , 41 , 51 ], our study is limited by our lack of the data regarding hepatic retinoid level and exact levels of alcohol or cigarette consumption in HCC patients. Thus, detailed correlation analysis of the expressions of WISP1 SNPs could not be performed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein 1 polymorphism on hepatocellular carcinoma development

et al. 2018

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BackgroundWNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) is a member of CCN protein family and a downstream target of β-catenin. Aberrant WISP1 expression is associated with carcinogenesis. In the current study, we focused on examining WISP1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to elucidate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) clinicopathologic characteristics.Methodology/Principal findingsThe WISP1 SNPs rs2977530, rs2977537, rs2929973, rs2929970, rs62514004, and rs16893344 were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction in 332 patients with HCC and 664 cancer-free controls.ResultsThe patients with higher frequencies of WISP1 rs62514004 (AG + GG) and rs16893344 (CT + TT) variants revealed a lower risk to reach a later clinical stage compared with their wild-type carriers. Furthermore, individuals who carried WISP1 rs62514004 and rs16893344 haplotype G-T showed a greater synergistic effect combined with alcohol drinking on HCC development (AOR = 26.590, 95% CI = 9.780–72.295).ConclusionsOur results demonstrated that the HCC patients with WISP1 SNPs are associated with HCC development, and WISP1 SNPs may serve as markers or therapeutic targets for HCC.

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“…Vitamin A Cigarette smoking has been directly associated with the development of lung cancer. It has been demonstrated that cigarette smoke significantly reduces retinoic acid in the lungs of rats and increases the formation of precancerous and cancerous lesions [93]. It has been found that this is attributed to two independent pathways, RARα-and RARβ-mediated pathways.…”

Section: Nutrient Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Treatment and Nutritional Deficiencies

Schloss¹

2016

Nutritional Deficiency

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Increasing cancer incidence and improved survival rates have seen the number of cancer survivors increase exponentially throughout the last few decades. As a consequence of this, cancer survivors may experience a number of permanent side effects from their cancer or the treatment. Traditionally, patient follow-up has been undertaken by oncological specialists with a major focus on possible cancer reoccurrence however, this fails to identify or adequately address many patients concerns regarding post-cancer treatment. For a majority of patients, nutrition during treatment and post-cancer diagnosis and treatment is an area they can control and change for their own health and well-being. The following chapter addresses nutrient deficiencies associated with certain cancers, chemotherapy agents, radiation and surgical procedures. Potential treatment protocols for different oncological stages post diagnosis are explored and conditions that may induce nutrient deficiencies and how they can be treated or decreased are explained.Keywords: chemotherapy, radiation, cancer survivorship, nutrient deficiencies, wellbeing . IntroductionIncreasing cancer incidence and improved survival rates have seen the number of cancer survivor s increase exponentially throughout the last few decades. As a consequence of this, cancer survivors may experience a number of permanent side effects from their cancer or the treatment [ ]. Traditionally, patient follow-up has been undertaken by oncological specialists © 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. with a major focus on possible cancer reoccurrence however, this fails to identify or adequately address many patients concerns regarding post-cancer treatment. For a majority of patients, nutrition during treatment and post-cancer diagnosis and treatment is an area they can control and change for their own health and well-being. However, Zhang[ ] published a study indicating that cancer survivors are usually motivated to improve their health but were found to have suboptimal diets. She examined the dietary intake of cancer survivors and individuals who had never had cancer. The researcher estimated the quality of the diets using the Health Eating Index, which is based on the United States government s Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The scores ranged from to , with indicating no adherence to which is total adherence. After adjusting for age, sex and ethnicity, Zhang found that the group who had not had cancer had an average index of . and the cancer survivors on average indexed . . It was found that cancer survivors in general from this population ate less fibre, more empty calories and more refined sugars and fats. In addition, they examined patients who had different types of cancer and found that those who had breast cancer had th...

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Vitamin A depletion induced by cigarette smoke is associated with an increase in lung cancer-related markers in rats

Cited by 9 publications

References 36 publications

Lycopene Protects against Smoking-Induced Lung Cancer by Inducing Base Excision Repair

Lycopene Protects against Smoking-Induced Lung Cancer by Inducing Base Excision Repair

Impacts of WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein 1 polymorphism on hepatocellular carcinoma development

Cancer Treatment and Nutritional Deficiencies

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