Vitamin A and the regulation of fat reserves

Bonet, M. Luisa; Ribot, Joan; Felipe, Francisco; Palou, Andreu

doi:10.1007/s00018-003-2290-x

Cited by 160 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…This induction is explained by the existence of RA and PPAR response elements in the UCP1 gene promoter. Induction of other UCP family members by all-trans RA has also been reported (see [6]). …”

Section: Adipocyte Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Bovine marbling (which is the presence of a high amount of fat in muscle) is enhanced in the cattle by diets low in carotenoids, so that marbling development is inversely correlated with serum vitamin A levels [39]. In rodents, the administration of RA (reviewed in [6]) or retinal [85] reduces body weight and body fat, and increases insulin sensitivity. Long-term vitamin A supplementation (as retinyl palmitate) has been shown to associate with a mild reduction of adiposity in rats [41] and has certain counterbalancing effect on the development of diet-induced obesity in mice [15].…”

Section: Carotenoid/retinoid Pathway and Lipid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the specific context of adipocyte differentiation, the effect of all-trans RA has been related to several events (reviewed in [6]). Among them, RAs interfered with C/EBP proteins, which resulted in a blockage of induction of downstream target genes, including PPARc.…”

Section: Adipocyte Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, effects of RAs on the retinoblastoma protein may favour the proliferative ability, and thus reduce the differentiation ability of preadipocytes. Interestingly, low concentrations (1-10 nM) of RAs, contrary to high concentrations (0.1-1 lM), appear to have a stimulating effect on adipogenesis (reviewed in [6]). …”

Section: Adipocyte Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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β-Carotene conversion products and their effects on adipose tissue

et al. 2009

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Recent epidemiological data suggest that b-carotene may be protective against metabolic diseases in which adipose tissue plays a key role. Adipose tissue constitutes the major b-carotene storage tissue and its functions have been shown to be modulated in response to b-carotene breakdown products, especially retinal produced after cleavage by b-carotene 15,15 0 -monooxygenase (BCMO1), and retinoic acid arising from oxidation of retinal. However, the possibility exists that b-carotene in its intact form can also affect adipocyte function. Development of a knock out model and identification of a loss-offunction mutation have pointed out BCMO1 as being probably the sole enzyme responsible for provitamin A conversion into retinal in mammals. The utilisation of BCMO1 -/-mice should provide insights on b-carotene effect on its own in the future. In humans, intervention studies have highlighted the huge interindividual variation of b-carotene conversion efficiency, possibly due to genetic polymorphisms, which might impact on response to b-carotene. This brief review discusses the processes involved in b-carotene conversion and the effect of cleavage products on body fat and adipose tissue function.

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Section: Adipocyte Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Carotenoid/retinoid Pathway and Lipid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adipocyte Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adipocyte Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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β-Carotene conversion products and their effects on adipose tissue

et al. 2009

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“…Similarly, D'Souza et al (2003) reported higher IMF content (153%) in pigs fed grower and finisher diets deficient in vitamin A. It has been proposed that the effect of vitamin A on IMF deposition is mediated by retinoic acid, a derivative of vitamin A that inhibits adipocyte differentiation both in vivo and in vitro (Sato et al, 1980;Bonet et al, 2003). Therefore, vitamin A restriction is supposed to increase hyperplasia (Gorocica-Buenfil et al, 2007).…”

Section: Manipulating Dietary Protein Energy and Micronutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intramuscular fat content in meat-producing animals: development, genetic and nutritional control, and identification of putative markers

Hocquette

Gondret

Baéza³

et al. 2010

Animal

632

447

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Intramuscular fat (IMF) content plays a key role in various quality traits of meat. IMF content varies between species, between breeds and between muscle types in the same breed. Other factors are involved in the variation of IMF content in animals, including gender, age and feeding. Variability in IMF content is mainly linked to the number and size of intramuscular adipocytes. The accretion rate of IMF depends on the muscle growth rate. For instance, animals having a high muscularity with a high glycolytic activity display a reduced development of IMF. This suggests that muscle cells and adipocytes interplay during growth. In addition, early events that influence adipogenesis inside the muscle (i.e proliferation and differentiation of adipose cells, the connective structure embedding adipocytes) might be involved in interindividual differences in IMF content. Increasing muscularity will also dilute the final fat content of muscle. At the metabolic level, IMF content results from the balance between uptake, synthesis and degradation of triacylglycerols, which involve many metabolic pathways in both adipocytes and myofibres. Various experiments revealed an association between IMF level and the muscle content in adipocyte-type fatty acid-binding protein, the activities of oxidative enzymes, or the delta-6-desaturase level; however, other studies failed to confirm such relationships. This might be due to the importance of fatty acid fluxes that is likely to be responsible for variability in IMF content during the postnatal period rather than the control of one single pathway. This is evident in the muscle of most fish species in which triacylglycerol synthesis is almost zero. Genetic approaches for increasing IMF have been focused on live animal ultrasound to derive estimated breeding values. More recently, efforts have concentrated on discovering DNA markers that change the distribution of fat in the body (i.e. towards IMF at the expense of the carcass fatness). Thanks to the exhaustive nature of genomics (transcriptomics and proteomics), our knowledge on fat accumulation in muscles is now being underpinned. Metabolic specificities of intramuscular adipocytes have also been demonstrated, as compared to other depots. Nutritional manipulation of IMF independently from body fat depots has proved to be more difficult to achieve than genetic strategies to have lipid deposition dependent of adipose tissue location. In addition, the biological mechanisms that explain the variability of IMF content differ between genetic and nutritional factors. The nutritional regulation of IMF also differs between ruminants, monogastrics and fish due to their digestive and nutritional particularities.

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Nuclear Receptors as Drug Targets: A Historical Perspective of Modern Drug Discovery

Ottow

Weinmann

2008

Methods and Principles in Medicinal Chemistry

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Vitamin A and the regulation of fat reserves

Cited by 160 publications

References 80 publications

β-Carotene conversion products and their effects on adipose tissue

β-Carotene conversion products and their effects on adipose tissue

Intramuscular fat content in meat-producing animals: development, genetic and nutritional control, and identification of putative markers

Nuclear Receptors as Drug Targets: A Historical Perspective of Modern Drug Discovery

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