Vitamin A and the Immune System

Roy, Suyasha; Awasthi, Amit

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-16073-9_3

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Through the liberation of certain cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, and nitric oxide is shown that RA may affect macrophages' activity (51).…”

Section: Antitumor Effects Tumor Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Rampal et al ( 49 ) under inflammatory conditions, RA might sustain or cause stimulation of intestinal inflammation ( 50 ). Moreover, through the release of certain cytokines, such as: IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, and nitric oxide, RA can affect the macrophages’ activity ( 51 ). When it comes to hypovitaminosis in children, vitamin A administration reduces mortality caused by diarrheal diseases ( 52 ).…”

Section: Nutrients Involved In Mediation Of Pro-and Anti-inflammatory...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship between nutrition and the immune system

Munteanu

Schwartz

2022

Front. Nutr.

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Nutrition plays an essential role in the regulation of optimal immunological response, by providing adequate nutrients in sufficient concentrations to immune cells. There are a large number of micronutrients, such as minerals, and vitamins, as well as some macronutrients such as some amino acids, cholesterol and fatty acids demonstrated to exert a very important and specific impact on appropriate immune activity. This review aims to summarize at some extent the large amount of data accrued to date related to the modulation of immune function by certain micro and macronutrients and to emphasize their importance in maintaining human health. Thus, among many, some relevant case in point examples are brought and discussed: (1) The role of vitamin A/all-trans-retinoic-acids (ATRA) in acute promyelocytic leukemia, being this vitamin utilized as a very efficient therapeutic agent via effective modulation of the immune function (2) The involvement of vitamin C in the fight against tumor cells via the increase of the number of active NK cells. (3) The stimulation of apoptosis, the suppression of cancer cell proliferation, and delayed tumor development mediated by calcitriol/vitamin D by means of immunity regulation (4) The use of selenium as a cofactor to reach more effective immune response to COVID vaccination (5). The crucial role of cholesterol to regulate the immune function, which is demonstrated to be very sensitive to the variations of this macronutrient concentration. Other important examples are reviewed as well.

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“…Through the liberation of certain cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, and nitric oxide is shown that RA may affect macrophages' activity (51).…”

Section: Antitumor Effects Tumor Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nutrients Involved In Mediation Of Pro-and Anti-inflammatory...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between nutrition and the immune system

Munteanu

Schwartz

2022

Front. Nutr.

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“…Vitamin A deficiency can affect T cell immunocompetence at different levels, including lymphopoiesis, distribution, expression of surface molecules, and cytokine production. T cell-macrophage co-cultures treated with retinoic acid showed a reduction in interferon (IFN)-γ production and an increase in IL-4 secretion by T cells, influencing T-helper cell (Th)1/Th2 differentiation pathways ( Roy and Awasthi, 2019 ). Studies have proposed that vitamin A plays an immunomodulatory role during autoimmune and inflammatory diseases given its potential to modulate regulatory T cells (Tregs), a subpopulation of T cells involved in the maintenance of the immune tolerance and regulation of the autoimmune response ( Lu et al, 2010 ; Lu et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutraceuticals as Modulators of Immune Function: A Review of Potential Therapeutic Effects

Medoro,

Davinelli,

Colletti

et al. 2023

Prev. Nutr. Food Sci.

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Dietary supplementation with nutraceuticals can promote optimal immune system activation, modulating different pathways that enhance immune defenses. Therefore, the immunity-boosting effects of nutraceuticals encompass not only immunomodulatory but also antioxidant, antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal properties, with therapeutic effects against diverse pathological conditions. However, the complexity of the pathways that regulate the immune system, numerous mechanisms of action, and heterogeneity of the immunodeficiencies, and subjects treated make their application in the clinical field difficult. Some nutraceuticals appear to safely improve immune system function, particularly by preventing viral and bacterial infections in specific groups, such as children, the elderly, and athletes, as well as in frail patients, such as those affected by autoimmune diseases, chronic diseases, or cancer. Several nutraceuticals, such as vitamins, mineral salts, polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids, many types of phytocompounds, and probiotic strains, have the most consolidated evidence in humans. In most cases, further large and long-term randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm the available preliminary positive data.

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“…Moreover, T cell-macrophage co-cultures treated with RA show reduced IFN-γ production and increased IL-4 secretion by T cells, demonstrating that RA can influence Th1/Th2 differentiation pathways. RA also inhibits the expression of IL-12, which is thought to stimulate IFN production by T cells [46].…”

Section: Vitamin Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Immune-Boosting Functions of Vitamins and Minerals as Nutritional Food Bioactive Compounds: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2022

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Food components have long been recognized to play a fundamental role in the growth and development of the human body, conferring protective functionalities against foreign matter that can be severe public health problems. Micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals are essential to the human body, and individuals must meet their daily requirements through dietary sources. Micronutrients act as immunomodulators and protect the host immune response, thus preventing immune evasion by pathogenic organisms. Several experimental investigations have been undertaken to appraise the immunomodulatory functions of vitamins and minerals. Based on these experimental findings, this review describes the immune-boosting functionalities of micronutrients and the mechanisms of action through which these functions are mediated. Deficiencies of vitamins and minerals in plasma concentrations can lead to a reduction in the performance of the immune system functioning, representing a key contributor to unfavorable immunological states. This review provides a descriptive overview of the characteristics of the immune system and the utilization of micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) in preventative strategies designed to reduce morbidity and mortality among patients suffering from immune invasions or autoimmune disorders.

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Vitamin A and the Immune System

Cited by 6 publications

References 102 publications

The relationship between nutrition and the immune system

The relationship between nutrition and the immune system

Nutraceuticals as Modulators of Immune Function: A Review of Potential Therapeutic Effects

Exploring the Immune-Boosting Functions of Vitamins and Minerals as Nutritional Food Bioactive Compounds: A Comprehensive Review

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