Vitamin A and Pregnancy: A Narrative Review

Maia, Sabina Bastos; Souza, Alex Sandro Rolland; Caminha, Maria de Fátima Costa; Silva, Suzana Lins da; Cruz, Rachel de Sá Barreto Luna Callou; Santos, Camila Carvalho dos; Filho, Malaquias Batista

doi:10.3390/nu11030681

Cited by 129 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…One is retinoic acid (RA), a metabolite of vitamin A that functions as a natural morphogen involved in the patterning of the 3 rd , 4 th , and 6 th pharyngeal arch arteries and 3 rd PP ( Figure 2) (Niederreither et al, 2003;Vermot et al, 2003;Cipollone et al, 2006;Voss et al, 2012). Vitamin A deficiency during pregnancy remains a public health issue in developing countries due to its impact on the developing fetus, particularly eye development (Bastos Maia et al, 2019). High levels of RA can act as a teratogen that causes overlapping 22q11.2del-like phenotypes.…”

Section: The Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation Coupled To Tbx1 Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genetics and Epigenetics of 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

Morena

Oers

2020

Front. Genet.

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Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2del) is a complex, multi-organ disorder noted for its varying severity and penetrance among those affected. The clinical problems comprise congenital malformations; cardiac problems including outflow tract defects, hypoplasia of the thymus, hypoparathyroidism, and/or dysmorphic facial features. Additional clinical issues that can appear over time are autoimmunity, renal insufficiency, developmental delay, malignancy and neurological manifestations such as schizophrenia. The majority of individuals with 22q11.2del have a 3 Mb deletion of DNA on chromosome 22, leading to a haploinsufficiency of~106 genes, which comprise coding RNAs, noncoding RNAs, and pseudogenes. The consequent haploinsufficiency of many of the coding genes are well described, including the key roles of T-box Transcription Factor 1 (TBX1) and DiGeorge Critical Region 8 (DGCR8) in the clinical phenotypes. However, the haploinsufficiency of these genes alone cannot account for the tremendous variation in the severity and penetrance of the clinical complications among those affected. Recent RNA and DNA sequencing approaches are uncovering novel genetic and epigenetic differences among 22q11.2del patients that can influence disease severity. In this review, the role of coding and noncoding genes, including microRNAs (miRNA) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), will be discussed in relation to their bearing on 22q11.2del with an emphasis on TBX1.

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Section: The Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation Coupled To Tbx1 Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genetics and Epigenetics of 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

Morena

Oers

2020

Front. Genet.

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“…Supplementation of vitamin B12, which low levels have been related to impaired neurodevelopment, could also be useful [49]. On the contrary, supplementation of Vitamin A is not recommended (except in countries where vitamin A deficiency is a public health issue), because, due to the decreased kidney function, there is the possibility of accumulation, which has been related to spontaneous abortion and birth defects [50].…”

Section: Principles Of Nutritional Management In Pregnant Women On DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Challenges in Pregnant Women with Renal Diseases: Relevance to Fetal Outcomes

et al. 2020

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Pregnancy in women affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become more common in recent years, probably as a consequence of increased CKD prevalence and improvements in the care provided to these patients. Management of this condition requires careful attention since many clinical aspects have to be taken into consideration, including the reciprocal influence of the renal disease and pregnancy, the need for adjustment of the medical treatments and the high risk of maternal and obstetric complications. Nutrition assessment and management is a crucial step in this process, since nutritional status may affect both maternal and fetal health, with potential effects also on the future development of adult diseases in the offspring. Nevertheless, few data are available on the nutritional management of pregnant women with CKD and the main clinical indications are based on small case series or are extrapolated from the general recommendations for non-pregnant CKD patients. In this review, we discuss the main issues regarding the nutritional management of pregnant women with renal diseases, including CKD patients on conservative treatment, patients on dialysis and kidney transplant patients, focusing on their relevance on fetal outcomes and considering the peculiarities of this population and the approaches that could be implemented into clinical practice.

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“…Undernutrition in pregnancy promotes several changes in metabolic control and hormone levels, which are needed to adapt the energy demands to reduced supplies. It is easy to link a caloric deficit with reduced availability of precursor for hormones that are obtained in diet, such as retinoids and carotenoids [134,135]. However, these precursors may be stored in some amounts in the liver and fat depots.…”

Section: Undernutrition and Hormones In Lung Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is not a recommendation to supplement nutrition with retinoid precursors in pregnancy apart from in known deficient populations. In some African countries, this deficit may be present in the 21-48% of all pregnant women [135]. On the other hand, some hormones are involved in the short-term availability of energy resources, and may eventually be relevant in the case of reduced food intake during pregnancy.…”

Section: Undernutrition and Hormones In Lung Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal Undernutrition, Metabolic Hormones, and Lung Development

et al. 2019

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Maternal and perinatal undernutrition affects the lung development of litters and it may produce long-lasting alterations in respiratory health. This can be demonstrated using animal models and epidemiological studies. During pregnancy, maternal diet controls lung development by direct and indirect mechanisms. For sure, food intake and caloric restriction directly influence the whole body maturation and the lung. In addition, the maternal food intake during pregnancy controls mother, placenta, and fetal endocrine systems that regulate nutrient uptake and distribution to the fetus and pulmonary tissue development. There are several hormones involved in metabolic regulations, which may play an essential role in lung development during pregnancy. This review focuses on the effect of metabolic hormones in lung development and in how undernutrition alters the hormonal environment during pregnancy to disrupt normal lung maturation. We explore the role of GLP-1, ghrelin, and leptin, and also retinoids and cholecalciferol as hormones synthetized from diet precursors. Finally, we also address how metabolic hormones altered during pregnancy may affect lung pathophysiology in the adulthood.

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Vitamin A and Pregnancy: A Narrative Review

Cited by 129 publications

References 118 publications

The Genetics and Epigenetics of 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

The Genetics and Epigenetics of 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

Nutritional Challenges in Pregnant Women with Renal Diseases: Relevance to Fetal Outcomes

Perinatal Undernutrition, Metabolic Hormones, and Lung Development

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