Visualizing Multiple Regression

ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol.

2015

The least cognitively demanding way to create a diagram is to draw it with a pen. Yet there is also a need for more formal visualizations, that is diagrams created using both traditional keyboard and mouse interaction. Our objective is to allow the creation of diagrams using traditional and stylus-based input. Having two diagram creation interfaces requires that changes to a diagram should be automatically rendered in the other visualization. Because sketches are imprecise, there is always the possibility that conversion between visualizations results in a lack of syntactic consistency between the two visualizations. We propose methods for converting diagrams between forms, checking them for equivalence and rectifying inconsistencies. As a result of our theoretical contributions, we present an intelligent software system allowing users to create and edit diagrams in sketch or formal mode. Our proof of concept tool supports diagrams with connected and spatial syntactic elements. Two user studies show that this approach is viable and participants found the software easy to use. We conclude that supporting such diagram creation is now possible in practice.

Section: Visual Languages: Applications and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Sketching and Traditional Diagram Editing Tools

Plimmer

Delaney

ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol.

2015

“…Similar complex data occur in biological settings where data items are genes, whilst sets represent shared features of the genes [16]. We also find Euler diagrams being used in both art and architecture [2], education [14], computer file organisation [11] and classification systems [35]. Given such abundant use, there is a strong motivation to draw Euler diagrams that aid users' comprehension of the information being visualized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of topological and graphical choices on the perception of Euler diagrams

Blake

Howse

2016

Information Sciences

This paper establishes the impact of topological and graphical properties on the comprehension of Euler diagrams. To-date, various studies have examined the impact of individual properties of Euler diagrams, such as curve shape and orientation. This has allowed us to establish guides for using these properties such as 'draw Euler diagrams with circles' and 'draw Euler diagrams without regard to orientation'. However, until the work described here, questions still remain, for example 'do these guides, when combined, make a significant difference to real-world Euler diagrams?', and if so, 'should they be used by those visualizing set data with Euler diagrams?' To answer these questions an empirical study was conducted to compare Euler diagrams that have been drawn by others for their real-world data, against versions that adhere to all of the guides in combination. The study establishes that both the accuracy and the speed with which information is derived from Euler diagrams is significantly improved when Euler diagrams adhere, where possible, to all the guides. The improvement is considerable when using the guided diagrams, with on average, the error rate being more than halved from 21.4% to 10.3%, and a 9 second improvement in the average time taken, from 34.2 seconds to 24.9 seconds. As Euler diagrams are regularly used to visualize information in a multitude of areas, ranging from crime control to social network analysis, our results indicate that applying the guides to these diagrams will improve the ability of users to accurately and quickly extract information.

“…Area-proportional Venn diagrams, where the areas of the regions formed from curves are equal to an area specification, are widely used when visualizing numerical data [6,8,7]. An example of such a diagram is shown in Figure 1, adapted from [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drawing Area-Proportional Venn-3 Diagrams with Convex Polygons

Diagrammatic Representation and Inference

Flower

Howse

2010

Abstract. Area-proportional Venn diagrams are a popular way of visualizing the relationships between data sets, where the set intersections have a specified numerical value. In these diagrams, the areas of the regions are in proportion to the given values. Venn-3, the Venn diagram consisting of three intersecting curves, has been used in many applications, including marketing, ecology and medicine. Whilst circles are widely used to draw such diagrams, most area specifications cannot be drawn in this way and, so, should only be used where an approximate solution is acceptable. However, placing different restrictions on the shape of curves may result in usable diagrams that have an exact solution, that is, where the areas of the regions are exactly in proportion to the represented data. In this paper, we explore the use of convex shapes for drawing exact area proportional Venn-3 diagrams. Convex curves reduce the visual complexity of the diagram and, as most desirable shapes (such as circles, ovals and rectangles) are convex, the work described here may lead to further drawing methods with these shapes. We describe methods for constructing convex diagrams with polygons that have four or five sides and derive results concerning which area specifications can be drawn with them. This work improves the state-of-the-art by extending the set of area specifications that can be drawn in a convex manner. We also show how, when a specification cannot be drawn in a convex manner, a non-convex drawing can be generated.