Visualized Study on a New Preformed Particle Gels (PPG) + Polymer System to Enhance Oil Recovery by Oil Saturation Monitoring Online Flooding Experiment

Pi, Yanfu; Liu, Jinxin; Cao, Ruibo; Liu, Li; Ma, Yufei; Gu, Xianfeng; Li, Xianjie; Fan, Xinyu; Zhao, Muxin

doi:10.3390/gels9020081

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…(2) Saturating of the core samples with the crude oil sample was conducted, and irreducible water saturation was obtained. The specific process can be seen in [ 37 , 38 ]. After that, the condition was maintained for 12 h.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Gel Flooding during the High Water Cut Stage in a Conglomerate Reservoir of the Xinjiang A Oilfield

Xin

Liu

et al. 2023

Polymers

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Influenced by water injection, a dominant flow channel is easily formed in the high water cut stage of a conglomerate reservoir, resulting in the inefficient or ineffective circulation of the injected water. With gel flooding as one of the effective development methods to solve the above problems, its parameter optimization determines its final development effect, which still faces great challenges. A new optimization method for gel flooding is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the gel flooding parameters were obtained through physical experiments; then, an experimental model of gel flooding was established according to the target reservoir, and parameter sensitivity analysis was carried out. Next, a history matching of the gel flooding experiment was carried out. Finally, history matching of the target reservoir was also carried out, and a gel flooding scheme was designed and optimized to determine the best parameters. The experimental results showed that the gelation time was 4 h and the gel viscosity was 6332 mPa·s; the breakthrough pressure, resistance factor (RF), and residual resistance factor (RRF) all decreased with the increase in permeability. The gel had a good profile control ability and improved oil recovery by 16.40%. The numerical simulation results illustrated that the porosity of the high permeability layer (HPL) had the greatest impact on the cumulative oil production (COP) of the HPL, and the maximum polymer adsorption value of the HPL had the largest influence on the COP of the low permeability layer (LPL) and the water cut of both layers. Benefiting from parameter sensitivity analysis, history matching of the gel flooding experiment and a conglomerate reservoir in the Xinjiang A Oilfield with less time consumed and good quality was obtained. The optimization results of gel flooding during the high water cut stage in a conglomerate reservoir of the Xinjiang A Oilfield were as follows: the gel injection volume, injection rate, and polymer concentration were 2000 m3, 50 m3/d, and 2500 mg/L, respectively. It was predicted that the water cut would decrease by 6.90% and the oil recovery would increase by 2.44% in two years. This paper not only provides a more scientific and efficient optimization method for gel flooding in conglomerate reservoirs but also has important significance for improving the oil recovery of conglomerate reservoirs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Gel Flooding during the High Water Cut Stage in a Conglomerate Reservoir of the Xinjiang A Oilfield

Xin

Liu

et al. 2023

Polymers

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“…[13]. Among the in-depth fluid diversion agents, precrosslinked particle gel (PPG) has garnered attention [14], with researchers utilizing its plugging effect to block high-flow channels and expand the volume of displacement fluids. Wang designed a heterogeneous composite system for the post-polymer flood reservoir in Shuanghe Oilfield and conducted experiments, including flooding agent optimization [15], thermal stability evaluation, and injection method optimization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alkali: Anhydrous Na 2 CO 3 with a purity of 99%. According to the data obtained from the core samples retrieved from a typical block in Daqing Oilfield [14], the permeability of the high, medium, and low reservoir layers was approximately 4000, 2000, and 500 (×10 −3 µm 2 ), respectively. The ratio of reservoir thickness was approximately 18:45:20.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Enhanced Oil Recovery of PPG/ASP Heterogeneous System after Polymer Flooding

Cao

et al. 2023

Gels

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Following the application of polymer flooding in Daqing Oilfield, the heterogeneity between different layers has intensified, resulting in the formation of more favorable seepage channels and cross-flow of displacement fluids. Consequently, the circulation efficiency has decreased, necessitating the exploration of methods to enhance oil recovery. This paper focuses on experimental research utilizing a newly developed precrosslinked particle gel (PPG) combined with alkali surfactant polymer (ASP) to create a heterogeneous composite system. This study aims to improve the efficiency of heterogeneous system flooding after polymer flooding. The addition of PPG particles enhances the viscoelasticity of the ASP system, reduces the interfacial tension between the heterogeneous system and crude oil, and provides excellent stability. The heterogeneous system has high resistance and residual resistance coefficients during the migration process in a long core model, achieving an improvement rate of up to 90.1% under the permeability ratio of 9 between high and low permeability layers. Employing heterogeneous system flooding after polymer flooding can increase oil recovery by 14.6%. Furthermore, the oil recovery rate of low permeability layers can reach 28.6%. The experimental results confirm that the application of PPG/ASP heterogeneous flooding after polymer flooding can effectively plug high-flow seepage channels and improve oil washing efficiency. These findings hold significant implications for further reservoir development after polymer flooding.

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“…Polymer flooding technology has become an important means of enhancing oil recovery in China's high water-cut oilfields and has been applied in large-scale industrial applications in the Shengli and Daqing oilfields [5,6]. Studies have shown that polymer flooding can effectively expand the swept volume and improve displacement efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Sweep Experiments on a Heterogeneous Phase Composite System Based on Branched-Preformed Particle Gel in High Water-Cut Reservoirs after Polymer Flooding

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2023

Gels

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Heterogeneous phase composite (HPC) flooding technology that is based on branched-preformed particle gel (B-PPG) is an important technology for enhancing oil recovery in high water-cut reservoirs. In this paper, we conducted a series of visualization experiments under the condition of developed high-permeability channels after polymer flooding, with respect to well pattern densification and adjustment, and HPC flooding and its synergistic regulation. The experiments show that for polymer-flooded reservoirs, HPC flooding can significantly reduce the water cut and increase oil recovery, but that the injected HPC system mainly advances along the high-permeability channel with limited sweep expansion. Furthermore, well pattern densification and adjustment can divert the original mainstream direction, which has a positive effect on HPC flooding, and can effectively expand the sweeping range under the synergistic effect of residual polymers. Due to the synergistic effect of multiple chemical agents in the HPC system, after well pattern densification and adjustment, the production time for HPC flooding with the water cut lower than 95% was significantly prolonged. In addition, conversion schemes, in which the original production well is converted into the injection well, are better than non-conversion schemes in terms of expanding sweep efficiency and enhancing oil recovery. Therefore, for well groups with obvious high-water-consuming channels after polymer flooding, the implementation of HPC flooding can be combined with well pattern conversion and intensification in order to further improve oil displacement.

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Visualized Study on a New Preformed Particle Gels (PPG) + Polymer System to Enhance Oil Recovery by Oil Saturation Monitoring Online Flooding Experiment

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Optimization of Gel Flooding during the High Water Cut Stage in a Conglomerate Reservoir of the Xinjiang A Oilfield

Optimization of Gel Flooding during the High Water Cut Stage in a Conglomerate Reservoir of the Xinjiang A Oilfield

Experimental Study on Enhanced Oil Recovery of PPG/ASP Heterogeneous System after Polymer Flooding

Dynamic Sweep Experiments on a Heterogeneous Phase Composite System Based on Branched-Preformed Particle Gel in High Water-Cut Reservoirs after Polymer Flooding

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