Visual perception during mirror gazing at one's own face in schizophrenia

Caputo, Giovanni; Ferrucci, Roberta; Bortolomasi, Marco; Giacopuzzi, Mario; Priori, Alberto; Zago, Stefano

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2012.06.029

Cited by 34 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Interestingly, whereas other multisensory perceptual body illusions seem to elicit, on average, higher subjective ratings of ownership for the body (Botvinick & Cohen, 1998;Petkova & Ehrsson, 2008) compared to the face (Ainley, Tajadura-JimŽnez, Fotopoulou, & Tsakiris, 2012;Ma et al, 2016;Tajadura-JimŽnez et al, 2012), illusory mirror-based perceptual experiences, based purely on prolonged visual feedback, seem to occur only when viewing the face (Caputo, 2010(Caputo, , 2013aCaputo et al, 2012;Schwarz & Fjeld, 1968) and not the body. However, neither such illusory experiences have yet been examined within the same participants for the face and body, so direct comparisons cannot be made.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…We designed a 20-item questionnaire based on previous research into embodiment (Longo, SchŸŸr, Kammers, Tsakiris, & Haggard, 2008) and experiences elicited from self-observation during the Strange-Face-Illusion (Caputo, 2010(Caputo, , 2013aCaputo et al, 2012;Schwarz & Fjeld, 1968). The items were designed to quantify a wide range of both normal and unusual subjective experiences during self-observation of the body.…”

Section: 21mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the Òstrange face illusionÓ it has been reported that participants who view their face in a mirror at low illumination for several minutes describe experiences that their reflection changes and distorts; for example, appearing deformed, like another person, or like another being/animal (Caputo, 2010(Caputo, , 2013aCaputo et al, 2012; see also Schwarz & Fjeld, 1968 for an earlier investigation of the phenomenon). It is surprising that healthy participants can experience strong visual illusions after only a few minutes of normal mirror viewing, given that this is an everyday activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it is possible that demand characteristics play a role in these reported strange face illusions, particularly as the illusion is yet to stand up to full scientific rigor, with the few experiments so far reporting the phenomenon having a small sample size and not being fully controlled (Caputo, 2010(Caputo, , 2013a. Less surprising, however, is the finding that these strange illusory experiences are found to be stronger in individuals suffering from schizophrenia (Caputo et al, 2012) and it is thought that they are related to experiences of body dysmorphia and difficulty with self/other distinctions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We were particularly interested in exploring whether seeing the body in a mirror would result in a subjective experience that was equivalent to seeing the body directly (see Bertamini et al, 2011;Jenkinson & Preston, 2015;Preston et al, 2015), or if mirror observation would produce strange perceptual experiences, like those reported during prolonged self-viewing of the face (Caputo, 2010(Caputo, , 2013aCaputo et al, 2012;Schwarz & Fjeld, 1968). Additionally, we explored whether these experiences related to pre-existing tendencies to: (i) have anxiety about ones appearance (appearance anxiety), (ii) posses body dysmorphic-type motivations for using mirrors, (iii) have unusual dissociative experiences (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The ‘not-so-strange’ body in the mirror: A principal components analysis of direct and mirror self-observation

Jenkinson

Preston

2017

Consciousness and Cognition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: 21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The ‘not-so-strange’ body in the mirror: A principal components analysis of direct and mirror self-observation

Jenkinson

Preston

2017

Consciousness and Cognition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Body Image and Body Experience Disturbances in Schizophrenia: an Attempt to Introduce the Concept of Body Self as a Conceptual Framework

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Disturbances in body experience are described as key schizophrenia symptoms and early disease predictors. In case studies, different disorders relating to body experience are presented, but only a few empirical studies have aimed to distinguish the characteristics of body experience in schizophrenia, and these have been selected arbitrarily and without reference to cohesive theoretical model. To integrate this fragmentary approach, we propose a body self (BS) model, composed of: functions; representations (e.g., body image); and sense of body identity. The aim of the study was to determine whether the BS differentiates schizophrenic patients from healthy controls, and to investigate the relations between aspects of BS and a history of illness and clinical characteristics. The Body Self Questionnaire and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale were administered to 63 schizophrenic patients and 63 healthy subjects. The difference was found in the functions of the body-self (perceiving, interpreting, and regulating body experience), in the sense of body identity, and in one of three aspects of body image explored (e.g., acceptance of biological sex). Disturbances in BS were related to positive symptoms and to the number of hospitalizations for other diseases. Together, the results demonstrate that schizophrenia is more body experience than body image disorder, since the negative emotional attitude towards the body and acceptance of fitness were not distinctive for schizophrenia. The link between the disturbances in BS and the number of nonpsychiatric hospitalizations suggests that misinterpretation of body experiences in schizophrenia can promote a search for medical attention.

show abstract

Visual perception and dissociation during Mirror Gazing Test in patients with anorexia nervosa: a preliminary study

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose It has been widely shown that dissociative features might play a fundamental role in producing body image distortions in patients affected by eating disorders. Here, we hypothesize that the Mirror Gazing Test (MGT), a task consisting in mirror exposure in a condition of sensory deprivation, would elicit dissociative symptoms in a group of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). Methods Fourteen patients with AN and fourteen healthy controls (HC) underwent a 10 min MGT and completed the Strange Face Questionnaire and a short version of the Clinician-Administered Dissociative States Scale, along with a psychological assessment for eating disorders psychopathology, anxiety and depression. Results AN patients reported a higher number of strange-face apparitions and dissociative sensations than HC during the MGT. Dissociative identity (compartmentalization of two or more identities) and depersonalization (detachment of bodilyself) were much higher in patients with AN than in HC. These findings were correlated with body dissatisfaction and disruption in interoceptive awareness. Conclusion Dissociation and body image dysfunction are strongly connected in the pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa. Future research should investigate the same aspects in other psychiatric conditions characterized by body image distortions, such as Body Dysmorphic Disorder. Level of evidence I, Experimental studies.

show abstract

Visual perception during mirror gazing at one's own face in schizophrenia

Cited by 34 publications

References 22 publications

The ‘not-so-strange’ body in the mirror: A principal components analysis of direct and mirror self-observation

The ‘not-so-strange’ body in the mirror: A principal components analysis of direct and mirror self-observation

Body Image and Body Experience Disturbances in Schizophrenia: an Attempt to Introduce the Concept of Body Self as a Conceptual Framework

Visual perception and dissociation during Mirror Gazing Test in patients with anorexia nervosa: a preliminary study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About