Visual magnesium deficiency symptoms (coniferous, deciduous trees) and threshold values (foliar, soil)

Ende, Hans-Peter; Evers, F. H.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5402-4_1

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…At the subset of field sites included in this study, we also found that CERs were most strongly influenced by foliar Mg concentrations. Magnesium has a direct role in photosynthesis as (1) a cofactor for the enzymes that drive the Calvin cycle; (2) the central structural component of chlorophyll's porphyrin structure; (3) counterbalancing the proton gradients that drive ATP synthesis; and (4) a regulator of carbohydrate partitioning which has strong feedback control on photosynthesis (Marschner 1995;Ende and Evers 1997;Slovik 1997). Differences in foliar Mg concentrations between upper and lower slope stands during the latter half of the summer developed as a result of a significant decrease in foliar Mg concentrations in trees on upper slopes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for oxidative stress in sugar maple stands growing on acidic, nutrient imbalanced forest soils

2005

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Soil acidification and the disruption of nutrient cycles appear to be important factors that weaken sugar maple resistance to both abiotic and biotic stresses and predispose it to decline symptoms. Although connections between edaphic stress and decline symptoms have been identified, very little is known about the physiological and biochemical mechanisms that underlie this relationship. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that foliar nutrient imbalances impair the photosynthetic apparatus of sugar maple through oxidative stress. We examined leaf nutrition, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activity (a biomarker of oxidative stress) from early June to late August in three-paired overstory sugar maple stands on Pennsylvania's Allegheny Plateau that contrast in soil nutrient availability according to slope position. Beginning in early June, trees on upper slopes (nutrient-poor) had significantly lower foliar Ca and Mg concentrations and significantly higher foliar Mn concentrations than trees on lower slopes. These differences increased throughout summer peaking in late August. Photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activity closely reflected changes in foliar nutrient status throughout the summer. In the latter half of the summer, leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll content were significantly lower and antioxidant enzyme activity was significantly higher in stands on upper slope soils. At the end of August, leaf nutrient imbalances corresponded with lower rates of photosynthesis and higher antioxidant enzyme activity, suggesting that foliar nutrient imbalances may impair sugar maple function through mechanisms of oxidative stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for oxidative stress in sugar maple stands growing on acidic, nutrient imbalanced forest soils

2005

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“…Deterioration of the health state has overreached the state when the trees are still able to regenerate; there was a risk of stand density lowering, and, in some places, stand disturbance. These symptoms were typical for strong magnesium deficiency (ENDE, EVERS 1997). Chemical analyses of needles have proved significant deficit of some nutrients, mainly magnesium, calcium, and zinc, in the stands damaged.…”

Section: Journal Of Forest Science 52 2006 (Special Issue): 45ñ51mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of forest liming in the Western Krušné hory Mts.

Šrámek¹,

Materna²,

Novorný³

et al. 2006

J. For. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:In May 31, 2000, the Government of the Czech Republic, has adopted the Decision No. 532, assigning the minister of agriculture to realize liming and fertilizing in the Krušné hory Mts. and Orlické hory Mts. Based on the decision, in 2000-2003, liming of forest stands was done, at the area of 34,000 ha. Changes of soil and leaf chemistry two years after liming were studied in the Western Krušné hory Mts., Forest administration Horní Blatná. Slight pH increase layer was stated both in the humus layer, and in upper horizons of mineral soil. Increased contents of calcium and magnesium, same as nitrogen and potassium were also recorded. Content of basic cations, mainly of magnesium and calcium, in the sorption complex was increased, aluminium content was decreased. C/N ratio in the humus layer did not change, ratio of basic cations and aluminium in the humus layer was increased significantly. Analyses of the assimilation organs of spruce have proved increase of magnesium and calcium content. The increase was higher in the stands of originally lower values of these elements. While before liming, in about a half of the samples of second needle year class, magnesium was under the deficiency level, two years after liming no deficient values were recorded.

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“…In the upper part of the western Krušné hory Mts., the situation of Norway spruce stands appeared to be critical in 1999 and 2000. The typical yellowing symptoms caused by magnesium deficiency (Ende, Evers 1997) turned to drying and loss of needles and even to decay and mortality of individual trees, which endangered the stability of forest stands (Lomský, Šrámek 2004). In 2000, the areas with deteriorated forest soils began to be limed according to Czech Republic Government Resolution No.…”

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confidence: 99%

Development of chemical soil properties in the western Ore Mts. (Czech Republic) 10 years after liming

Šrámek¹,

Fadrhonsová²,

Vortelová³

et al. 2012

J. For. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The article focuses on changes in soil chemistry observed on plots limed in 2000 in the western Ore Mts. (Krušné hory) on the basis of chemical analyses done before liming and repeated in 2002, 2005 and 2010. In the deeper mineral soil (down to 30 cm), only the increase in pH and exchangeable magnesium was significant. The increase in exchangeable calcium in upper soil layers was significant in 2002 and 2005 only; ten years after liming the effect was negligible, although the number of Ca deficient samples was lower than in 2000. The exchangeable Mg content increased above the deficiency limit in all samples of upper soil, and an increase was also found in the deeper mineral soil. These changes were reflected in increasing base saturation and lower base cations/aluminium ratio in the organic and organomineral soil layer. Despite these positive shifts, calcium and magnesium deficiency and very low base saturation (< 10%) still prevail in the deeper mineral soil (2-30 cm) and are common even in the upper mineral soil. The increased total nitrogen level observed two and five years after liming indicated enhanced decomposition of the humus layer. On the other hand, N content in the upper organic (FH) horizon as well as in deeper mineral soil did not change significantly.

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Visual magnesium deficiency symptoms (coniferous, deciduous trees) and threshold values (foliar, soil)

Cited by 25 publications

References 30 publications

Evidence for oxidative stress in sugar maple stands growing on acidic, nutrient imbalanced forest soils

Evidence for oxidative stress in sugar maple stands growing on acidic, nutrient imbalanced forest soils

Effect of forest liming in the Western Krušné hory Mts.

Development of chemical soil properties in the western Ore Mts. (Czech Republic) 10 years after liming

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