Visual-cryptographic image hiding with holographic optical elements

Yang, Na; Gao, Qiankun; Shi, Yishi

doi:10.1364/oe.26.031995

Cited by 34 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Since visual cryptography (VC) was developed (Naor and Shamir, 1995), there are many relevant studies for its applications. The VC offers a feasible and straightforward solution for the decryption of secret information based on human vision (Naor and Shamir, 1995;Blundo et al, 2000;Hou, 2003;Wan et al, 2018;Yang et al, 2018;Jiao et al, 2019;Li et al, 2019;Jiao et al, 2020). The first visual cryptographic technique was proposed by Naor and Shamir in 1995, which broke up a secret image into multiple shares (i.e., visual key images) (Naor and Shamir, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Cryptography Using Binary Amplitude-Only Holograms

et al. 2022

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Visual cryptography (VC) is developed to be a promising approach to encoding secret information using pixel expansion rules. The useful information can be directly rendered based on human vision without the usage of decryption algorithms. However, many VC schemes cannot withstand occlusion attacks. In this paper, a new VC scheme is proposed using binary amplitude-only holograms (AOHs) generated by a modified Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm (MGSA). During the encryption, a secret image is divided into a group of unrecognizable and mutually-unrelated shares, and then the generated shares are further converted to binary AOHs using the MGSA. During image extraction, binary AOHs are logically superimposed to form a stacked hologram, and then the secret image can be extracted from the stacked hologram. Different from conventional VC schemes, the proposed VC scheme converts a secret image into binary AOHs. Due to the redundancy of the generated binary AOHs, the proposed method is numerically and experimentally verified to be feasible and effective, and possesses high robustness against occlusion attacks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Cryptography Using Binary Amplitude-Only Holograms

et al. 2022

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“…Visual cryptography (VC) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] is a security technique for encrypting an image in a way that the original image can be visually decrypted. In VC, a secret image is randomly expanded to multiple visual key images and each visual key image is referred to as a share.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a paper sheet), it is hard to decode the secret image by overlapping. It is proposed that the visual key information can be physically embedded in holographic optical elements (HOE) in previous works [11,12]. Based on optical coherent diffraction and volume grating, the secret image can be visually displayed when the correct HOEs are placed in the optical setup and illuminated by laser.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the optical setup has certain experimental complexity such as precise alignment requirement of optical elements, fabrication difficulty of HOE and availability of laser source. Different from the coherent imaging system [11,12], an incoherent optical system such as a single-pixel imaging (SPI) system [16][17][18][19][20][21] will have significantly lower experimental complexity. In fact, this has been revealed in some previous works about optical computing [22] and holography [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual cryptography in single-pixel imaging

Jiao¹,

Feng²,

Gao³

et al. 2020

Opt. Express

107

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Two novel visual cryptography (VC) schemes are proposed by combining VC with single-pixel imaging (SPI) for the first time. It is pointed out that the overlapping of visual key images in VC is similar to the superposition of pixel intensities by a single-pixel detector in SPI. In the first scheme, QR-code VC is designed by using opaque sheets instead of transparent sheets. The secret image can be recovered when identical illumination patterns are projected onto multiple visual key images and a single detector is used to record the total light intensities. In the second scheme, the secret image is shared by multiple illumination pattern sequences and it can be recovered when the visual key patterns are projected onto identical items. The application of VC can be extended to more diversified scenarios by our proposed schemes.

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“…Digital visible watermarking or image fusion technology has been widely used in the field of public information security such as copyright protection [23][24][25][26][27][28]. In SPI, many image fusion or watermarking schemes [29][30][31][32][33][34] have been proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Image watermarking and fusion based on Fourier single-pixel imaging with weighed light source

Qiu

Wang

et al. 2019

Opt. Express

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In previous single-pixel imaging systems, the light source was generally idle with respect to time. Here, we propose a novel image fusion and visible watermarking scheme based on Fourier single-pixel imaging (FSPI) with a multiplexed time-varying (TV) signal, which is generated by the watermark pattern hidden in the light source. We call this scheme as TV-FSPI. With TV-FSPI, we can realize high-quality visible image watermarking, encrypted image watermarking and full-color visible image watermarking. We also discuss the extension to invisible watermarking based on TV-FSPI. Furthermore, we don't have to recode illumination patterns, because TV-FSPI can be extended to existing mainstream illumination patterns, such as random illumination mode and Hadamard illumination mode. Thus TV-FSPI has the potential to be used in single-pixel broadcasting system and multi-spectral single-pixel imaging system.

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Visual-cryptographic image hiding with holographic optical elements

Cited by 34 publications

References 39 publications

Visual Cryptography Using Binary Amplitude-Only Holograms

Visual Cryptography Using Binary Amplitude-Only Holograms

Visual cryptography in single-pixel imaging

Image watermarking and fusion based on Fourier single-pixel imaging with weighed light source

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