Visual and visual-kinaesthetic learning in reading nonsense syllables.

Getting the point: Tracing worked examples enhances learning

“…It was suggested that tracing could improve memory of retarded readers having difficulty in memorizing spelling patterns and verbal labels, as the tracing movement might produce an additional motor memory trace to link the spoken and written forms of a word (Fernald, 1943;Orton, 1928). However, earlier studies in tracing did not find a positive effect on memory among participants with average or good reading ability (Forster, 1941;Hulme, 1981a;Jensen & King, 1970;Roberts & Coleman, 1958). Hulme and his colleagues have since provided experimental evidence that young normal children could also benefit from the tracing method.…”