“…Lee & Rhee, 2001) to measure the CRI. In this context, previous researchers have also improved and extended the synthesis by considering more proximity factors (e.g., relative bearing, relative speed, ship manoeuvrability, ship motion patterns, and stability conditions (Fang, Yu, Ke, Shaw, & Peng, 2018;Gil, 2021;Gil, Montewka, Krata, Hinz, & Hirdaris, 2020;Öztürk, Boz, & Balcisoy, 2021;M. Zhang, Montewka, Manderbacka, Kujala, & Hirdaris, 2021;M.…”