Visual acuity, amblyopia, and ocular pathology in 12- to 13-year-old children in Northern Mexico

Ohlsson, Claes; Villarreal, Pedro A.; Sjostrom,; Cavazos,; Abrahamsson, Pekka; Sjostrand,

doi:10.1067/mpa.2003.s1091853102420113

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Strabismus in children occurs at a frequency of 0.9% to 4% (Preslan & Novak 1996;Ka¨smann-Kellner et al 1998;Kvarnstrom et al 2001;Ohlsson et al 2001Ohlsson et al , 2003Nepal et al 2003;Donnelly et al 2005;Govindan et al 2005;Matsuo & Matsuo 2005); esotropia is more common than exotropia. The overall prevalence in our study of strabismus was 26.9% (36.9% in the children with low IQ), with esotropia being more common than exotropia.…”

Section: Authorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual dysfunctions and ocular disorders in children with developmental delay. II. Aspects of refractive errors, strabismus and contrast sensitivity

Nielsen

Skov

Jensen

2007

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of refractive errors, strabismus and reduced contrast sensitivity in an unselected group of children with developmental delay (DD), and to propose extensions to the existing guidelines to assess the number of examinations required to optimally support children with DD. Methods: A total of 923 children with IQ £ 80, aged 4-15 years, from Copenhagen County, Denmark, were ophthalmically examined. The prevalence of refractive errors and strabismus and the presence of reduced contrast sensitivity were recorded and related to level of IQ. Results: Among the 923 children, the following prevalences were found: significant hyperopia ( ‡ + 3 D) 15.3%; myopia (< ) 0.5 D) 10.8%, and astigmatism (< ) 1 cyl D) 20.6%. Strabismus was found in 26.8% of subjects (esotropia in 14.9%, exotropia in 10.3%, and other forms, including mixed types, in 1.6%). Refractive errors and strabismus were significantly correlated with low IQ. Reduced contrast sensitivity was correlated with age, visual acuity and level of IQ. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study is the largest on ocular disorders in children with DD. Hyperopia, astigmatism, anisometropia, strabismus and contrast sensitivity had a high prevalence, and all disorders were related to low IQ. According to the extended guidelines, an annual minimum of 565 examinations per 100 000 children (0-17 years) is required to optimally support children with DD.

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Section: Authorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual dysfunctions and ocular disorders in children with developmental delay. II. Aspects of refractive errors, strabismus and contrast sensitivity

Nielsen

Skov

Jensen

2007

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica

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“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] To our knowledge, literature on the population prevalence of normal and reduced stereopsis is scant. [17][18][19] There are also few data on the ocular associations of normal and abnormal stereoacuity from large representative samples of children.…”

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confidence: 99%

Stereoacuity and ocular associations at age 12 years: Findings from a population-based study

Robaei

Kifley

Gole

et al. 2007

Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and

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“…50 and 1.0% in Mexican 12-13-year-olds. 51 In our two studies, subjects with unexplained subnormal visual acuity were offered electrophysiologic examinations. In half of the Swedish subjects and in one third of the Mexican subjects, VEP (Visual Evoked Potentials) revealed an asymmetric visually evoked cortical response to monocular stimulation, a pattern considered pathognomonic for albinism.…”

Section: Obscure Subnormal Visual Acuitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining Amblyopia: The Need for a Joint Classification

Ohlsson

2005

Strabismus

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Recent years have shown an impressive rise in high quality research on amblyopia. Unfortunately, the condition is not sufficiently defined, and consequently different studies have been used different definitions of amblyopia. Aspects in need of consideration include the degree of visual acuity reduction, magnitude of interocular difference in acuity, method of visual acuity testing used, the effect of refractive adaption, the presence of amblyogenic factors, the absence of organic cause and the treat ability of the deficit. Vision scientists worldwide are encouraged to jointly decide on what is, and what is not, amblyopia.

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Visual acuity, amblyopia, and ocular pathology in 12- to 13-year-old children in Northern Mexico

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Visual dysfunctions and ocular disorders in children with developmental delay. II. Aspects of refractive errors, strabismus and contrast sensitivity

Visual dysfunctions and ocular disorders in children with developmental delay. II. Aspects of refractive errors, strabismus and contrast sensitivity

Stereoacuity and ocular associations at age 12 years: Findings from a population-based study

Defining Amblyopia: The Need for a Joint Classification

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