Vision-related quality of life in children with treated retinopathy of prematurity

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate vision-related quality of life in children treated for retinopathy of prematurity. Methods: Cross sectional observational study of 54 treated ROP babies 2–7 years of age. The study excluded babies with chronic pediatric conditions and babies of parents suffering from mental illness. Detailed examination including visual acuity was done for all. Two versions of CVFQ questionnaire for children under 3 and above 3 years of age were posed to parents in this study. CVFQ contains six subscales: General health, vision health, competence, personality, family impact, and treatment difficulty. The scores ranged from 0 (worst score) to 1 (best score). Results: The study included 54 children with mean birth weight was 1194 grams, mean gestation age 30 weeks. The age, gender, birth weight, and gestational age didn’t affect the overall quality of life ( P > 0.05). The severity of ROP (stage 4 and 5) had poorer CVFQ scores (personality and family impact subscales). Competence and personality scores were significantly lower in zone I disease. The quality of life especially general vision, competence, personality, and treatment difficulty subscales had significantly lower values in ROP with higher clock hour involvement ( P < 0.05). With myopia after ROP treatment, only personality subscale was significantly affected ( P 0.02). Mean CVFQ score including the family impact and treatment difficulty subscale score was also significantly lower in amblyopic and anisometropic children ( P value < 0.05). Family impact subscale and overall quality of life was significantly lower in children with strabismus than children without strabismus ( P 0.001). Conclusion: ROP has negative effect on the vision-related quality of life of children and their parents. The overall quality of life worsened with the increase in the severity of disease and the occurrence of ocular sequelae of ROP. The vision of the baby may not be the only cause of low scores in the quality of life questionnaire in ROP.