Visible Light Fidelity Technology: Survey

doi:10.33103/uot.ijccce.21.2.1

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…The photodiode involves several receiver parameters, such as the physical area of the photodiode, the field of view (FOV), and detector sensitivity. At the receiver end, a large area is used for reception using an optical concentrator to increase the effective signal reception area, provide efficient and noise-free reception amplification, and avoid using a large photodiode surface area [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Bit Rate and Distance Variation on Multiplexing System of Indoor Li-Fi Technology Using Movable LED Panel

Khair¹,

Mustika

Isnawati3³

et al. 2023

J. RESTI (Rekayasa Sist. Teknol. Inf.)

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The major problem of using light fidelity (Li-Fi) technology is still limited to the line of sight (LOS) conditions, which poses a challenge to perform bandwidth efficiency to support increased bit rates, especially for indoor use. In addition, the distance between the lamp driver (transmitter) and the receiver becomes a critical discussion to determine the characteristics of propagation losses. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the performance of an indoor Li-Fi multiplexing system using a movable LED panel (LP) based on parameters of bit rate and distance variation on multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) 2x2 and 4x4. The parameter analysis of signal quality included optical and electrical signal spectrum characteristics, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), bit error rate (BER), and Q-factor parameters. Based on the results, the increase in bit rate and distance significantly increases the BER value and decreases the Q-factor value. Both the 2x2 and 4x4 mux systems can meet standards up to a bit rate of 30 Mbps at a LOS distance of 3 meters, while at a bit rate of 40 Mbps, there are no channels that meet the ITU-T standard. In addition, the quality of the signal received at a distance of 4 meters, the 2x2 mux system can only reach the standard at a bit rate of 20 Mbps for all channels. However, channel 3 and channel 4 on the 4x4 mux system model still have the BER and Q-factor values that meet the standard in the bit rate of 30 Mbps. However, the decrease in the SNR value affected by the bit rate increase and distance is insignificant. Therefore, it becomes an opportunity for further observation of the proposed multiplexing system, detection scheme, or responsivity, and signal processing on the receiver side to be reliable on the higher bit rate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Bit Rate and Distance Variation on Multiplexing System of Indoor Li-Fi Technology Using Movable LED Panel

Khair¹,

Mustika

Isnawati3³

et al. 2023

J. RESTI (Rekayasa Sist. Teknol. Inf.)

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“…Despite these precautions, sophisticated attack methods have been devised that can circumvent traditional security measures. The task of preserving sensitive information within the framework of large-scale WSN deployments demands the implementation of more robust and advanced security strategies [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel CNN Model with Dimensionality Reduction for WSN Intrusion Detection

Alhasan,

Hamza

2023

RIA

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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play a critical role in cyber-physical systems, enabling communication between autonomous sensors. When integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT), WSNs unfortunately become vulnerable to various attacks, such as blackhole, grayhole, flooding, and scheduling, thereby posing significant security threats. Existing methods for intrusion detection in WSNs often suffer from low detection rates, significant computational overhead, and false alarms, primarily due to resource constraints and data correlations. This study introduces IDS-CNN, a novel intrusion detection method leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The proposed IDS-CNN model, designed to optimize efficiency and reduce processing time, comprises nine convolutional neural network layers and six Max-Pooling1D layers. To alleviate computational demands, dimensionality reduction techniques, specifically Principal Component Analysis and Singular Value Decomposition, are applied to raw traffic data. The IDS-CNN model is then employed to classify and categorize network threats. Experimental evaluations suggest that the IDS-CNN approach yields a high accuracy rate of 99% compared to existing methods, based on tests performed on two datasets, WSN-DS and UNSW-NB15. Notably, with the UNSW-NB15 dataset, accuracy rates were further improved to 99.99% and 100%. By leveraging deep learning techniques to enhance intrusion detection in WSNs, this study presents a significant contribution to the field. The IDS-CNN model advances our understanding of WSN security by exceeding the accuracy rates of prior models. As it addresses the limitations of existing methods, the implications of this research are substantial, offering a more reliable and efficient solution for WSN intrusion detection. The findings underscore the potential of IDS-CNN in safeguarding WSNs and IoT systems from sophisticated and evolving cyber threats.

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“…This technology distinguishes itself by providing services to consumers and allocating cloud resources to users [10]. The resources are compensated for based on how much each user utilizes them provided typical scheduling methods, including asynchronous work management with a variety of queues for aperiodic and periodic activities When estimating the number of resources required to schedule a collection of aperiodic jobs, both execution and data transmission costs were considered [11]. The major limitation for the optimization metric was the deadline by [12]- [22].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

MOCAB/HEFT algorithm of multi radio wireless communication improved achievement assessment

Nasser

Hamza²,

Hasan³

2023

Bulletin EEI

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Network-wide conveying is vital in remote associations, and the great part of these broadcasts are built on single-channel single-radio (SC-SR) network frameworks. The problem of the current work is divided into two parts. The first part shows that increasing broadcast and redundancy lead to an increase in time consumption. The second problem is solving complexity problems when tasks are scheduled in a heterogeneous manner in a computing system, where the processors in the network may not be identical and take different time periods to carry out the same task. The goals of this work are to reduce the total cost of network-wide broadcasting to minimize the search space and to solve the complexity problem when tasks are scheduled in a heterogeneous way in the computing system. The MOCAB algorithm is used to select the best transmission path over the network in the first stage. Then, the tasks will be scheduled using the heterogeneous earliest finish time (HEFT) algorithm to extract the values of actual finish time (AFT), earliest start time (EST), and earliest finish time (EFT). The performance of the MOCAB algorithm was evaluated with that of the HEFT algorithm in terms of the delivery ratio of packets delivered. The results showed that the MOCAB algorithm outperformed the HEFT.

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Visible Light Fidelity Technology: Survey

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Analysis of Bit Rate and Distance Variation on Multiplexing System of Indoor Li-Fi Technology Using Movable LED Panel

Analysis of Bit Rate and Distance Variation on Multiplexing System of Indoor Li-Fi Technology Using Movable LED Panel

A Novel CNN Model with Dimensionality Reduction for WSN Intrusion Detection

MOCAB/HEFT algorithm of multi radio wireless communication improved achievement assessment

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