Viscosity of the asthenosphere from glacial isostatic adjustment and subduction dynamics at the northern Cascadia subduction zone, British Columbia, Canada

James, Thomas S.; Gowan, Evan J.; Wada, Ikuko; Wang, Kelin

doi:10.1029/2008jb006077

Cited by 81 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…This regular and relatively recent decline is different from that interpreted for northern Cascadia, where rebound was thought to be complete by the early Holocene (e.g. Mathews et al, 1970;James et al, 2009b). At Coos Bay, Oregon, however, Nelson et al (1996a) argued for a more punctuated RSL rise in the mid-to late-Holocene.…”

Section: Southern Cascadiacontrasting

confidence: 60%

Post-glacial sea-level change along the Pacific coast of North America

Shugar

Walker

Lian

et al. 2014

Quaternary Science Reviews

126

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a b s t r a c tSea-level history since the Last Glacial Maximum on the Pacific margin of North America is complex and heterogeneous owing to regional differences in crustal deformation (neotectonics), changes in global ocean volumes (eustasy) and the depression and rebound of the Earth's crust in response to ice sheets on land (isostasy). At the Last Glacial Maximum, the Cordilleran Ice Sheet depressed the crust over which it formed and created a raised forebulge along peripheral areas offshore. This, combined with different tectonic settings along the coast, resulted in divergent relative sea-level responses during the Holocene. For example, sea level was up to 200 m higher than present in the lower Fraser Valley region of southwest British Columbia, due largely to isostatic depression. At the same time, sea level was 150 m lower than present in Haida Gwaii, on the northern coast of British Columbia, due to the combined effects of the forebulge raising the land and lower eustatic sea level. A forebulge also developed in parts of southeast Alaska resulting in post-glacial sea levels at least 122 m lower than present and possibly as low as 165 m. On the coasts of Washington and Oregon, as well as south-central Alaska, neotectonics and eustasy seem to have played larger roles than isostatic adjustments in controlling relative sea-level changes.

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Section: Southern Cascadiacontrasting

confidence: 60%

Post-glacial sea-level change along the Pacific coast of North America

Shugar

Walker

Lian

et al. 2014

Quaternary Science Reviews

126

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“…CC BY 4.0 License. flow may sufficiently describe both processes due to the similarity of the timescales over which they take place (James et al, 2009). There is the additional complication that afterslip must be accounted for in post-seismic studies (Ingleby and Wright, 2017), but in general, the changing deformation rates observed during an earthquake cycle suggest that the Earth either follows a power-law rheology (Freed and Burgmann, 2004;Freed et al, 2006), or a rheology comprising several different 820 relaxation times (Pollitz, 2005;Hetland and Hager, 2006).…”

Section: Low Viscosity Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial Isostatic Adjustment modelling: historical perspectives, recent advances, and future directions

Whitehouse¹

2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) describes the response of the solid Earth, the gravitational field, and 5 consequently the oceans to the growth and decay of the global ice sheets. It is a process that takes place relatively rapidly, triggering 100 m-scale changes in sea level and solid Earth deformation over just a few tens of thousands of years. Indeed, the first-order effects of GIA could already be quantified several hundred years ago without reliance on precise measurement techniques and scientists have been developing a unifying theory for the observations for over 200 years. Progress towards this goal required a number of significant breakthroughs to be made, including the recognition that ice sheets were once 10 more extensive, the solid Earth changes shape over time, and gravity plays a central role in determining the pattern of sealevel change. This article describes in detail the historical development of the field of GIA and an overview of the processes involved. Significant recent progress has been made as concepts associated with GIA have begun to be incorporated into parallel fields of research; these advances are discussed, along with the role that GIA is likely to play in addressing outstanding research questions within the field of Earth system modelling. 15

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“…Deglacial RSL histories of the Pacific coast [75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85] are supplemented by studies of the earthquake and tsunami history of the Cascadia subduction zone along the coasts of British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and northern California [86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93].…”

Section: Pacific Coastmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regions formerly covered by the Cordilleran ice sheet (southern Alaska to Puget Sound, Washington) are strongly influenced by local ice loading, which results in variable RSL histories [85]. In northwest Georgia Strait, RSL fell from a marine limit as much as 154 m at 14 ka to a lowstand of >−25 m at 11 ka after deglaciation due to glacio-isostatic uplift.…”

Section: Pacific Coastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene Relative Sea-Level Changes from Near-, Intermediate-, and Far-Field Locations

Khan

Ashe

Shaw

et al. 2015

Curr Clim Change Rep

125

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Holocene relative sea-level (RSL) records exhibit spatial and temporal variability that arises mainly from the interaction of eustatic (land ice volume and thermal expansion) and isostatic (glacio-and hydro-) factors. We fit RSL histories from near-, intermediate-, and far-field locations with noisy-input Gaussian process models to assess rates of RSL change. Records from near-field regions (e.g., Antarctica, Greenland, Canada, Sweden, and Scotland) reveal a complex pattern of RSL fall from a maximum marine limit due to the net effect of eustatic sea-level rise and glacio-isostatic uplift with rates of RSL fall as great as −69±9 m/ka. Intermediatefield regions (e.g., mid-Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the USA, Netherlands, Southern France, St. Croix) display variable rates of RSL rise from the cumulative effect of eustatic and isostatic factors. Fast rates of RSL rise (up to 10±1 m/ka) are found in the early Holocene in regions near the center of forebulge collapse. Far-field RSL records exhibit a midHolocene highstand, the timing (between 8 and 4 ka) and magnitude (between <1 and 6 m) of which varies among South America, Africa, Asia, and Oceania regions.

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Viscosity of the asthenosphere from glacial isostatic adjustment and subduction dynamics at the northern Cascadia subduction zone, British Columbia, Canada

Cited by 81 publications

References 75 publications

Post-glacial sea-level change along the Pacific coast of North America

Post-glacial sea-level change along the Pacific coast of North America

Glacial Isostatic Adjustment modelling: historical perspectives, recent advances, and future directions

Holocene Relative Sea-Level Changes from Near-, Intermediate-, and Far-Field Locations

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