Viscosity of liquid water in the range −8 °C to 150 °C

Kestin, J.; Sokolov, M.; Wakeham, W. A.

doi:10.1063/1.555581

Cited by 782 publications

(480 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Considering ambient temperature and pressure conditions, the properties for pure water have been taken from refs. (Kestin et al, 1978;Perry and Green, 2008;Vargaftik et al, 1983). As for the physical properties of water-MEG mixtures, the work by Sun and Teja (2003) has been taken into account for evaluating their densities and viscosities as a function of the mass fraction of monoethylene glycol, of the temperature and of the properties of the two components constituting the binary system.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Liquid Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dual effect of viscosity on bubble column hydrodynamics

Besagni

Inzoli

Guido

et al. 2017

Chemical Engineering Science

110

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A B S T R A C TSome authors, in the last decades, have observed the dual effect of viscosity on gas holdup and flow regime transition in small-diameter and small-scale bubble columns. This work concerns the experimental investigation of the dual effect of viscosity on gas holdup and flow regime transition as well as bubble size distributions in a large-diameter and large-scale bubble column. The bubble column is 5.3 m in height, has an inner diameter of 0.24 m, and can be operated with gas superficial velocities in the range of 0.004-0.20 m/s. Air was used as the dispersed phase, and various water-monoethylene glycol solutions were employed as the liquid phase. The water-monoethylene glycol solutions that were tested correspond to a viscosity between 0.9 mPa s and 7.97 mPa s, a density between 997.086 kg/m 3 and 1094.801 kg/m 3 , a surface tension between 0.0715 N/m and 0.0502 N/m, and log 10 (Mo) between −10.77 and −6.55 (where Mo is the Morton number). Gas holdup measurements were used to investigate the global fluid dynamics and the flow regime transition between the homogeneous flow regime and the transition flow regime. An image analysis method was used to investigate the bubble size distributions and shapes for different gas superficial velocities, for different solutions of watermonoethylene glycol. In addition, based on the experimental data from the image analysis, a correlation between the bubble equivalent diameter and the bubble aspect ratio was proposed. The dual effect of viscosity, previously verified in smaller bubble columns, was confirmed not only with respect to the gas holdup and flow regime transition, but also for the bubble size distributions. Low viscosities stabilize the homogeneous flow regime and increase the gas holdup, and are characterized by a larger number of small bubbles. Conversely, higher viscosities destabilize the homogeneous flow regime and decrease the gas holdup, and the bubble size distribution moves toward large bubbles. The experimental results suggest that the stabilization/destabilization of the homogeneous regime is related to the changes in the bubble size distributions and a simple approach, based on the lift force, was proposed to explain this relationship. Finally, the experimental results were compared to the dual effect of organic compounds and inorganic compounds: future studies should propose a comprehensive theory to explain all the dual effects observed.

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Section: Experimental Setup and Liquid Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dual effect of viscosity on bubble column hydrodynamics

Besagni

Inzoli

Guido

et al. 2017

Chemical Engineering Science

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…At T ¼ 298 K, we used g ¼ 8.9 Â 10 À4 Pa s for the viscosity of the water, 35 z ¼ 290 nm, and d ¼ 500 nm, yielding the diffusion coefficient D ¼ 0.98 lm 2 /s. Note the height, z, is the summation of the radius of the nanoparticle and the thickness of the nanodisc.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the near-field and convectional transport behavior of micro and nanoparticles in nanoscale plasmonic optical lattices

2016

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Here, we report the characterization of the transport of micro-and nanospheres in a simple two-dimensional square nanoscale plasmonic optical lattice. The optical potential was created by exciting plasmon resonance by way of illuminating an array of gold nanodiscs with a loosely focused Gaussian beam. This optical potential produced both in-lattice particle transport behavior, which was due to near-field optical gradient forces, and high-velocity ($lm/s) out-of-lattice particle transport. As a comparison, the natural convection velocity field from a delocalized temperature profile produced by the photothermal heating of the nanoplasmonic array was computed in numerical simulations. This work elucidates the role of photothermal effects on micro-and nanoparticle transport in plasmonic optical lattices. Published by AIP Publishing. [http://dx

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“…The set up of the present study allowed the free flow of soft drinks over the surface of enamel specimens, so that the flow rate of the drinks were not defined by any pump system, rather it was determined by the viscosity of the liquid itself. The viscosity of the fluids [20] and also the erosive potential of acids [25] is directly related to the temperature of fluids, thus the experiments were undertaken at a standardized temperature of 20ºC, and also the temperature of the tested solutions was adjusted to 20ºC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the viscosity is highly dependent on the temperature [20], measurements were taken at controlled room temperature of 20°C. The temperature of the beverages was adjusted to 20°C, also.…”

Section: Modification Of Soft Drinksmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro evaluation of the erosive potential of viscosity-modified soft acidic drinks on enamel

et al. 2013

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OBJECTIVE: The objective of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of viscositymodified soft acidic drinks on enamel erosion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 108 bovine enamel samples ( = 3 mm) were embedded in acrylic resin and allocated into six groups (n = 18). Soft acidic drinks (orange juice, Coca-Cola, Sprite) were used both in their regular forms and at a kinetic viscositiy of 5 mm(2)/s, which was adjusted by adding hydroxypropyl cellulose. All solutions were pumped over the enamel surface from a reservoir with a drop rate of 3 ml/min. Each specimen was eroded for 10 min at 20°C. Erosion of enamel surfaces was measured using profilometry. Data were analyzed using independent t tests and one-way ANOVAs (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Enamel loss was significantly higher for the regular (Coca-Cola, 5.60 ± 1.04 m; Sprite, 5.49 ± 0.94 m; orange juice, 1.35 ± 0.4 m) than for the viscosity-modified drinks (Coca-Cola, 4.90 ± 0.34 m; Sprite, 4.46 ± 0.39 m; orange juice, 1.10 ± 0.22 m). CONCLUSION: For both regular and viscosity-modified forms, Coca-Cola and Sprite caused higher enamel loss than orange juice. Increasing the viscosity of acidic soft drinks to 5 mm(2)/s reduced enamel erosion by 12.6-18.7 %. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The erosive potential of soft acidic drinks is not only dependent on various chemical properties but also on the viscosity of the acidic solution and can be reduced by viscosity modification. ABSTRACTObjective The objective of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of viscosity-modified soft acidic drinks on enamel erosion. Materials and Methods A total of 108 bovine enamel samples (∅=3 mm) were embedded in acrylic resin and allocated to 6 groups (n=18). Soft acidic drinks (orange juice, Coca-Cola, Sprite) were used both in their regular forms and at a kinetic viscositiy of 5 mm 2 /s, which was adjusted by adding hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC). All solutions were pumped over the enamel surface from a reservoir with a drop rate of 3ml/min. Each specimen was eroded for 10 min at 20°C.Erosion of enamel surfaces was measured using profilometry. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests and one-way ANOVAs (p<0.05). Results

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Viscosity of liquid water in the range −8 °C to 150 °C

Cited by 782 publications

References 8 publications

The dual effect of viscosity on bubble column hydrodynamics

The dual effect of viscosity on bubble column hydrodynamics

Characterization of the near-field and convectional transport behavior of micro and nanoparticles in nanoscale plasmonic optical lattices

In vitro evaluation of the erosive potential of viscosity-modified soft acidic drinks on enamel

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