Viscosity of Aqueous Solutions. Iii. Tetramethylammonium Bromide and the Role of the Tetraalkylammonium Ions

Nightingale, E. R.

doi:10.1021/j100811a032

Cited by 57 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore the solubility of the nonpolar compound are markedly sensitive to the nature of the alkali cations whereas the stacking is rather insensitive to it [18,23]. It is also unlikely that the electrolyte effects can be explained only in terms of "chaotropi- However there is a marked difference in the stacking enhancement in the case of the anions but not in the case of the cations; Li+ and tetramethylammonium are structure making, while Csf is structure breaking [37]. Yet Li+ enhances the stacking more markedly than Cs+ and tetramethylammonium is inhibitory.…”

Section: Mechanism Of the Electrolyte Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Electrolytes on the Interaction of Cationic Dyes with Energized Mitochondrial Fragments

Dell’Antone

Frigeri

Azzone

et al. 1973

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The binding of cationic dyes to energized submitochondrial particles and the extent and rate of absorbance changes accompanying the binding are enhanced by the presence of inorganic anions. The anion effect follows the sequence : SCN-> C10,-> I-> NO,-> Br-> C1-> Br03-= H2P0,-> CH,COO-> F--. With the more lipophilic anions the phase of enhancement is followed by one of inhibition: this effect is more marked with more lipophilic dyes. The rate and extent of absorbance changes is also affected by cations according to the sequence:Under conditions where the anions markedly enhance the binding of the dyes by the energized fragments there is no parallel increase of anion binding. It is suggested that the membrane conformation and therefore the accessibility of the sites for various ligands, is modified during the interaction of electrolytes with energized fragments.Several reactions in submitochondrial particles are markedly affected by the electrolyte composition of the medium [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. One interpretation for these effects, assumes formation of a membrane potential, diffusion of the anions across the membrane down the electrical gradient, collapse of the potential and anion accumulation [3,6,9-111. This mechanism is considered to be supported by the energy-linked accumulation of I -anilinonaphthalene 8-sidphonic acid, phenyl dicarbaundecarborane anion and SCN- The alternative interpretation, on the other hand, assumes that the mitochondria1 membrane contains energy-linked rearranging chemical groups, which are capable of interaction with ligands solubilized in microenvironments of the membrane fabric [ 14-16]. Acridines and aminophenazine dyes behave as ligands interacting with specific membrane sites [15]. We now report a number of observations suggesting that the r6le of the anions, on the energy-linked responses of cationic probes, is not primarily related to the process of energy conservation but rather to the structural requirements which determine the accessibility of each probe for the membrane site. We propose that the dependence of the anion effects on the lyotropic series be better interpreted in terms of the basic Hofmeister concept [l 71 originating from experiments on protein conformation. MATERIALS AND METHODSPreparations of rat liver mitochondria were made according t o standard procedures. The preparation of beef heart mitochondria has been described previously [ 151. The sonication of mitochondria was carried out either in the presence of 2 mM EDTA pH 8.5, or of 10mM MgCl,, 1 mM ATP, 2 mM succinate, 10mM Tris pH8.5 or of 20mM pyrophosphate. Essentially similar results were obtained with either the EDTA or the Mgz+ or the pyrophosphate particles. The binding of the cationic dyes and the absorbance changes of the dyes following the energization of the fragments in the presence of the various incubation media was carried out as described previously [15]. I n the case of the spectrophotometric experiments, two parameters were followed. The first was the extent of absorbance change; after ...

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Section: Mechanism Of the Electrolyte Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Electrolytes on the Interaction of Cationic Dyes with Energized Mitochondrial Fragments

Dell’Antone

Frigeri

Azzone

et al. 1973

European Journal of Biochemistry

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“…M. Notley ) according to which R4N+ ions enhance the structure of water around them. However, Me4N+ ionappears to be a net structure breaker in water and is also solvated due to ion-dipole interaction (3b, 3c, 14,19). For the smaller classical ions with electrostatic solvation, k,+q, also decreases with rise in temperature (10); their behavior is similar to Me4N+ ion and hence should be explained on similar grounds, viz.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in place of the complete absence of solvation (10)(11)(12) of these ions in aqueous solution, to which most of the studies are confined, the opinion is gaining that these ions are also solvated (3b, 3c, 13,14), in the sense that they cause an enhancement of the structure of water around them (15), the exception being the Me4Nf ion (and Et4Nf ion to some extent) which is solvated mainly by electrostatic ion-solvent interaction (3b, 3c, 14). It appears interesting to enquire how the R4Nf ions would behave in a nonaqueous solvent like N-methylacetamide (NMA) which is similar to water in many respects, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion–solvent interaction of tetraalkylammonium ions in solvents of high dielectric constant. Part I. Conductance and Walden product of tetraalkylammonium ions in N-methylacetamide at different temperatures

Singh¹,

Rastogi²,

Gopal³

1968

Can. J. Chem.

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Ion-solvent interaction of the tetraalkylammonium ions (R4N+) in N-methylacetamide has been studied from the point of view of electrical conductance and the derived Walden product. The results indicate R4N+ ions to be structure breakers in this solvent, quite opposite to their general behavior in aqueous solutions. The effect is conspicuous in the smaller Me4N+ and Et4N+ ions, but is less marked in the larger ions.

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“…These ions do not form any hydrogen bond but contain hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups. Aqueous solutions of Ultrasonic Studies on Ion-Solvent Interactions of Tetra-n-butylammonium Bromide in Aqueous Solution of 1,3-Dioxolane and 2,2-Dimethoxypropane at Different Temperatures DAYANANDA SARANGI 1 tetra-n-butylammonium bromide show many properties like high viscosity with high temperature coefficients [6], high apparent molar heat capacities [7,8], low surface charge densities, high apparent molar volume [9] which are unusual. Tetraalkylammonium halides are large in size and are capable to arrange water particles around themselves subject to their alkyl group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present work aims at the measurement of ultrasonic velocity, density and viscosity of the solutions of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide in 10 % (v/v) aqueous 1,3-dioxolane and 10 % (v/v) aqueous 2,2-dimethoxypropane at 298.15-313.15 K. Tetra alkylammonium salts are bigger in size and are known to adjust water molecules around them depending on their alkyl chain [11,12]. The aqueous solutions of tetra alkylammonium bromide show high viscosities and large temperature coefficients [13]. The ion-solvent and ion-ion interactions for tetra alkylammonium salts have been reported from density and viscosity measurements by Nikam et al [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Studies on Ion-Solvent Interactions of Tetra-n-butylammonium Bromide in Aqueous Solution of 1,3-Dioxolane and 2,2-Dimethoxypropane at Different Temperatures

Sarangi¹,

Panda²,

Sahu³

et al. 2018

Asian J. Chem.

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Tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (TBAB) is made soluble in different solvents like 10 % 1,3-dioxolane-water and 10 % dimethoxypropanewater. Ultrasonic velocity (U), density (ρ) and coefficient of viscosity (η) are determined at different temperatures i.e. at 298.15, 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K. These values of ultrasonic velocity (U), density (ρ) and co-efficient of viscosity (η) are used to calculate the thermo acoustic properties like isentropic compressibility (βs), molar compressibility (W), acoustic impedance (Z), molar sound velocity (R), relative association (RA), intermolecular free length (Lf), free volume (Vf), internal pressure (πi), isothermal compressibility (βT). The results obtained were analyzed to interpret the ion-ion and ion-solvent interactions occurring in the solutions.

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Viscosity of Aqueous Solutions. Iii. Tetramethylammonium Bromide and the Role of the Tetraalkylammonium Ions

Cited by 57 publications

References 0 publications

The Effects of Electrolytes on the Interaction of Cationic Dyes with Energized Mitochondrial Fragments

The Effects of Electrolytes on the Interaction of Cationic Dyes with Energized Mitochondrial Fragments

Ion–solvent interaction of tetraalkylammonium ions in solvents of high dielectric constant. Part I. Conductance and Walden product of tetraalkylammonium ions in N-methylacetamide at different temperatures

Ultrasonic Studies on Ion-Solvent Interactions of Tetra-n-butylammonium Bromide in Aqueous Solution of 1,3-Dioxolane and 2,2-Dimethoxypropane at Different Temperatures

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