Viscosity and density of aqueous solutions of lithium bromide, lithium chloride, zinc bromide, calcium chloride and lithium nitrate. 1. Single salt solutions

Wimby, J. Martin; Berntsson, Thore

doi:10.1021/je00013a019

Cited by 83 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…The values of density defined as extrapolated to the zero concentration (m ! 0) are agree with the values calculated from IAPWS-95 [12] formulation within 0.065 % for the temperature 423.15 K and 0.030 % for the temperature 523.15 K To compare the values of density measured in this paper with the values reported in the literature the present data (p; q) were extrapolated to the atmospheric pressure (p ¼ 0:1 MPa) and the data by Wimby and Berntsson [5] to the low concentrations (to our experimental concentration) using the correlation equation (2). The reasonable agreement was found at temperature up to 350 K. At low temperatures (below 323 K) the agreement is about 0.2 % (max deviation is 0.5 %), while at high temperatures the deviation reached up to 0.8 % (max deviation is 1.6 %).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The weights of the solution taken in these density measurements are accurate to one part in 300,000. Wimby and Berntsson [5] reported the density for aqueous lithium nitrate solutions in the temperature range from (291 to 343) K for the three concentrations (10.84, 24.74, and 27.03) mass%. Measurements were made with vibrating tube densimeter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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(p,Vm,T,x) measurements for aqueous LiNO3 solutions

Abdulagatov

Azizov

2004

The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

(p,Vm,T,x) measurements for aqueous LiNO3 solutions

Abdulagatov

Azizov

2004

The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics

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“…5). The increase in solvent viscosity by addition of 4 M LiCl is 1.8 (44,45), and thus, it only accounts for a fraction of the slowdown; even if we assumed a maximal exponent of 1 for the viscosity dependence of the folding rate (46). From the viewpoint of a classical activated folding scenario, these results are seemingly incompatible with one another.…”

Section: Effects Of Protonation and Salt On The Ultra-fast Folding Kimentioning

confidence: 96%

The Effect of Electrostatics on the Marginal Cooperativity of an Ultrafast Folding Protein

Desai

Cerminara

Sadqi

et al. 2010

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Proteins fold up by coordinating the different segments of their polypeptide chain through a network of weak cooperative interactions. Such cooperativity results in unfolding curves that are typically sigmoidal. However, we still do not know what factors modulate folding cooperativity or the minimal amount that ensures folding into specific three-dimensional structures. Here, we address these issues on BBL, a small helical protein that folds in microseconds via a marginally cooperative downhill process (Li, P., Oliva, F. Y., Naganathan, A. N., and Muñoz, V. (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 106, 103-108). Particularly, we explore the effects of salt-induced screening of the electrostatic interactions in BBL at neutral pH and in acid-denatured BBL. Our results show that electrostatic screening stabilizes the native state of the neutral and protonated forms, inducing complete refolding of acid-denatured BBL. Furthermore, without net electrostatic interactions, the unfolding process becomes much less cooperative, as judged by the broadness of the equilibrium unfolding curve and the relaxation rate. Our experiments show that the marginally cooperative unfolding of BBL can still be made twice as broad while the protein retains its ability to fold into the native three-dimensional structure in microseconds. This result demonstrates experimentally that efficient folding does not require cooperativity, confirming predictions from theory and computer simulations and challenging the conventional biochemical paradigm. Furthermore, we conclude that electrostatic interactions are an important factor in determining folding cooperativity. Thus, electrostatic modulation by pH-salt and/or mutagenesis of charged residues emerges as an attractive tool for tuning folding cooperativity.

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“…The parameters η i are those in Table 7 [70,78,94,95,97,98] some of the older data, in particular the data of Stakelbeck and Plank [109] at −20 • C, show noticeable deviations.…”

Section: Dynamic Viscositymentioning

confidence: 99%